A printing device includes a controller configured to perform: (a) storing identification information and transmission address information in association with each other; (b) acquiring, in response to receiving a print job together with the identification information from an external device, the transmission address information stored in association with the identification information in the (a) storing on the basis of the received identification information; and (c) transmitting the transmission address information acquired in the (b) acquiring to a data processing server so that payment process information is transmitted to a transmission address corresponding to the transmission address information, the payment process information being information to pay a fee charged for performing printing based on the received print job.

An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming portion; a first metal side plate and a second metal side plate; an antenna; and a housing on which a discharging port is disposed, wherein the housing includes a top cover that is disposed at a position vertically higher than the first metal side plate, wherein in a region on a downstream side with respect to the antenna in a discharging direction where a recording material is discharged from the discharging port, an upper end of the first metal side plate is located at a position vertically lower than the antenna, and a resin support portion connected to the first metal side plate is disposed in the region such that the resin support portion supports the top cover, wherein the antenna and the resin support portion are disposed along the upper end of the first metal side plate.

A sheet conveyance guide includes a sheet material. The sheet material has a surface to face a sheet when the sheet conveyance guide guides the sheet travelling in a conveyance direction. The sheet material has irregularities over a whole area of the surface.

An image forming apparatus comprising: an image forming unit configured to convey a recording medium, and form an image on the recording medium based on an image forming condition; and a controller configured to control the image forming unit to form a test image and a scale image extending a conveyance direction in which the recording medium is conveyed, obtain user instruction information related to a density fluctuation of the test image in the conveyance direction, and to generate the image forming condition to suppresses image density unevenness in the conveyance direction to an image to be formed by the image forming unit based on the user instruction information.

In a caser where a first current is supplied to a first heater, a controller gradually increases the first current in a first period, supplies the first current based on a first duty cycle in a second period, and gradually reduces the first current to stop supplying the first current in a third period. In a case where a second current is supplied to a second heater, the controller gradually increases the second current in a fourth period, supply the second current based on a second duty cycle in a fifth period, and gradually reduces the second current to stop supplying the second current in a sixth period. The controller controls the supply of the second current such that part of the fourth period overlaps with the third period.

A photoconductive drum for an electrophotographic image forming device according to one example embodiment includes a cylindrical drum member. A shaft defines a rotational axis of the photoconductive drum. An end cap is positioned at an axial end of the drum member. An electrical contact is positioned against an axially inboard side of the end cap. The electrical contact electrically connects the shaft to the drum member. The electrical contact includes a plurality of projections that contact an inner circumferential surface of the drum member. A plurality of grooves are formed in an outer circumferential surface of the end cap.

Disclosed is an image forming apparatus including: a fixation unit configured to heat a toner image formed corresponding to image data and fix the heated toner image onto a recording material; and a control unit configured to determine a fixation target temperature used by the fixation unit to heat the toner image on the basis of the image data, wherein the control unit performs a first determination to calculate a first target temperature on the basis of image density information in each of a plurality of regions in which the image data is divided in a main-scanning direction and a sub-scanning direction and a second determination to determine whether the image data is a text image, and determines the fixation target temperature on the basis of results of the first determination and the second determination.

An image forming apparatus includes a photoconductive drum, a developing roller, a humidity sensor configured to detect a humidity, and a controller configured to execute a single-side printing, a first-double-side printing and a second double-side printing. The controller is configured to execute the first double-side printing in which images are printed at a first developing-bias voltage on both the first surface and the second surface of the sheet when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is greater than a threshold value. The controller is configured to execute the second double-side printing in which an image is printed at a second developing-bias voltage, which is less than the first developing-bias voltage, on the second surface of the sheet when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is equal to or less than the threshold value.

A server apparatus including a first communication device and a first computing device. The first communication device communicates with an image forming apparatus via a network. The first computing device includes a processor, and acts as a data acquirer, a dimension reduction processor, and a residual service life calculator, when the processor executes a first control program. The data acquirer acquires observation data of a first number of dimensions from the image forming apparatus, via the first communication device. The dimension reduction processor converts the observation data of the first number of dimensions into characteristic data of a second number of dimensions fewer than the first number of dimensions. The residual service life calculator calculates a residual service life of a replaceable unit in the image forming apparatus, on a basis of the characteristic data.

An image forming apparatus includes an amorphous silicon photosensitive member, a developing device including a developer carrying member that carries a two-component developer, and a control portion. When a potential difference V0−Vdc between the photosensitive member and the developer carrying member has a first potential difference at which the toner is moved from the developer carrying member to the photosensitive member and a second potential difference at which the toner is moved from the photosensitive member to the developer carrying member, the control portion adjusts V0 or Vdc so that the first potential difference and the second potential difference are equal in value and opposite in polarity, and a first development current |Ia| that flows at the first potential difference and a second development current |Ib| that flows at the second potential difference satisfy 1.9×10.sup.−2≥|Ib|/N≥5.7×10.sup.3 [μA/mm].