Disclosed herein are biodegradable compositions comprising 1,3-propanediol, wherein the 1,3-propanediol in said biodegradable composition has a bio-based carbon content of about 1% to 100%. In addition, it is preferred that the 1,3-propanediol be biologically-derived, and wherein upon biodegradation, the biologically-derived 1,3-propanediol contributes no anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere.

The present invention relates to fluorine substituted CBD compounds, compositions thereof and uses thereof for the preparation of medicaments.

This invention relates generally to olefin metathesis catalyst compounds, to the preparation of such compounds, and the use of such catalysts in the metathesis of olefins and olefin compounds, more particularly, in the use of such catalysts in (E)-selective olefin metathesis reactions. The invention has utility in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and industrial and fine chemicals chemistry.

This invention relates generally to olefin metathesis catalyst compounds, to the preparation of such compounds, and the use of such catalysts in the metathesis of olefins and olefin compounds, more particularly, in the use of such catalysts in (E)-selective olefin metathesis reactions. The invention has utility in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and industrial and fine chemicals chemistry.

The ketogenic diet (KD) has therapeutic implications in many disease states. It was hypothesized ketone precursor supplementation would elevate blood ketone levels to therapeutic ranges (2-7 mM) without need for dietary restriction. The effects of ketogenic agents were tested on blood glucose, ketones, and lipids with a 28-day dose escalation study in male Sprague-Dawley rats: R,S-1,3-Butandiol (BD), acetoacetate ketone ester (KE), and control (H.sub.2O) (n8). Days 1-28, rats received a daily 5 g/kg intragastric gavage, based on previous toxicology studies. Once weekly, whole blood samples (10 l) were acquired for analysis of glucose and HB at 0, 0.5, 1, 4, 8, and 12 hours after test substance administration, or until HB returned to baseline. At day 1 and 28, 10 L of whole blood were collected to measure triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HDL concentration. Significant elevation of blood ketone was observed with a significant inverse relationship with blood glucose for the duration of the experiment. There were no significant changes in the lipid panel for any of the substances. There were significant reductions in body weight when animals were treated with either BD or KE as compared to control.

Biodegradable pharmaceutical compositions comprising 1,3-propanediol and its esters are provided. The 1,3-propanediol and its esters in the pharmaceutical composition are biologically derived, and as such, the pharmaceutical compositions exhibit a low anthropogenic CO.sub.2 emission profile.

Biodegradable pharmaceutical compositions comprising 1,3-propanediol and its esters are provided. The 1,3-propanediol and its esters in the pharmaceutical composition are biologically derived, and as such, the pharmaceutical compositions exhibit a low anthropogenic CO.sub.2 emission profile.

Biodegradable pharmaceutical compositions comprising 1,3-propanediol and its esters are provided. The 1,3-propanediol and its esters in the pharmaceutical composition are biologically derived, and as such, the pharmaceutical compositions exhibit a low anthropogenic CO.sub.2 emission profile.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

The invention relates to fullerene derivatives of formula I, to mixtures and formulations containing them, to the use of the fullerene derivatives, mixtures and formulations as organic semiconductors in, or for the preparation of electronic devices, especially organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices and organic photodetectors (OPD), and to electronic devices comprising, or being prepared from, these fullerene derivatives, mixtures or formulations.

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