A material for forming an underlayer film according to the present invention is a material for forming an underlayer film which is used to form a resist underlayer film used in a multi-layer resist process, the material including a cyclic olefin polymer which has a repeating structural unit [A] represented by Formula (1) and a repeating structural unit [B] represented by Formula (2), in which a molar ratio [A]/[B] of the structural unit [A] to the structural unit [B] in the cyclic olefin polymer is greater than or equal to 5/95 and less than or equal to 95/5. ##STR00001##

A polymer compound including a repeating unit represented by Formula:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, a1, a2, and a11 in Formula 1 are as defined in the specification.

Described herein, inter alia, are peptide containing polymers, and methods of making and using the same.

Exfoliated nanoplatelets functionalized with a non-polar moiety, such as an ethylene or propylene derived polymer, are useful for forming composites, films, and polymer blends.

Low molecular weight, high Tg resins, with applications including tire additives and adhesives. An oligomer is obtained by ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a sterically encumbered cyclic monomer with an olefinic chain transfer agent. The sterically encumbered cyclic monomer and the olefinic chain transfer agent are present in the polymerization at a molar ratio of from 2:1 to about 40:1. Also, methods for making the oligomer by ROMP.

The present invention provides a metal-oxo complex represented by the following general formula (1), ##STR00001## wherein in the general formula (1) above, M represents a molybdenum atom or a tungsten atom; A represents a carbon atom, a silicon atom, a germanium atom, a tin atom or a lead atom; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each independently represent a halogen atom; R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a straight or branched chain alkyl group that is substituted or unsubstituted and has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; each of R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 may be bonded to one another to form a ring.

Described herein are associative polymers capable of controlling a physical and/or chemical property of non-polar compositions that can be used when the non-polar composition is in a flow, and related compositions, methods and systems. Associative polymers herein described have a non-polar backbone with a longest span having a molecular weight that remains substantially unchanged under the flow conditions and functional groups presented at ends of the non-polar backbone, with a number of the functional groups presented at the ends of the non-polar backbone formed by associative functional groups capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group with an association constant (k) such that the strength of each associative interaction is less than the strength of a covalent bond between atoms and in particular less than the strength of a covalent bond between backbone atoms.

This invention relates to a rubber compound for tire treads, comprising: 30 to 70 parts by weight per hundred parts by weight rubber (phr) of a cyclopentene ring-opening rubber having a Tg of 120 C. to 80 C. and a ratio of cis to trans of 5:95 to 40:60; and 20 phr to 60 phr of a high vinyl polybutadiene rubber.

Described herein are associative polymers capable of controlling a physical and/or chemical property of non-polar compositions and related compositions, methods and systems. Associative polymers herein described have a non-polar backbone and functional groups presented at ends of the non-polar backbone, with a number of the functional groups presented at the ends of the non-polar backbone formed by associative functional groups capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group with an association constant (k) such that the strength of each associative interaction is less than the strength of a covalent bond between atoms and in particular less than the strength of a covalent bond between backbone atoms.

The present disclosure provides cyclic silyl ethers of the formula: ##STR00001##
and salts thereof. The cyclic silyl ethers may be useful as monomers for preparing polymers. Also described herein are polymers prepared by polymerizing a cyclic silyl ether and optionally one or more additional monomers. The polymers may be degradable (e.g., biodegradable). One or more OSi bonds of the polymers may be the degradation sites. Also described herein are compositions and kits including the cyclic silyl ethers or polymers; methods of preparing the polymers; and methods of using the polymers, compositions, and kits.