An oligomer, composition, and composite material employing the same are provided. The oligomer can be a reaction product of a reactant (a) and a reactant (b). The reactant (a) is a reaction product of a reactant (c) and a reactant (d). The reactant (b) can be ##STR00001##
or a combination thereof, wherein a is 0 or 1, and R.sup.1 is independently hydrogen or ##STR00002##
and wherein b is 0-6; c is 0 or 1; and, d is 0-6. The reactant (c) is ##STR00003##
wherein R.sup.2 is C.sub.5-10 alkyl group. The reactant (d) is ##STR00004##
wherein e is 0-10.

Free-standing non-fouling polymers and polymeric compositions, monomers and macromonomers for making the polymers and polymeric compositions, objects made from the polymers and polymeric compositions, and methods for making and using the polymers and polymeric compositions.

The present invention relates to an optical film which ensures adhesiveness between a polymer film and a liquid crystal layer without deteriorating the alignment of a liquid crystal compound; a polarizing plate using the same; an image display device; a method for producing an optical film; and a method for producing a polarizing plate. The optical film includes a polymer film including a cycloolefin-based polymer, and a liquid crystal layer that is provided adjacent to the polymer film, in which the liquid crystal layer is formed by using a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal compound and a compound having a specific structure, where the liquid crystal composition contains the compound having a specific structure at a content of 0.5% to 7.0% by mass with respect to a mass of the liquid crystal compound, and a predetermined eccentricity value is 20% to 80%.

The invention relates to immobilized metal alkylidene catalysts. The catalysts are useful in olefin metathesis.

##STR00001##

A process to produce an ionomer comprising reacting alkyl-cis-cyclooctene and cis-cyclooctene in a mole ratio from 1:0 to 0:1, in the presence of a difunctional chain transfer agent under ring opening metathesis polymerization conditions to form an unsaturated polyolefin reactive telechelic pre-polymer; hydrogenating the unsaturated polyolefin reactive telechelic pre-polymer to produce a hydrogenated polyolefin reactive telechelic pre-polymer; reacting the hydrogenated polyolefin reactive telechelic pre-polymer with at least one compound according to the formula aM.sup.x+b(R).sup.y, wherein M is a metal, x is a charge of M, R is an alkyl, aryl, oxide, or fatty acid, y is a charge of R, a and b are integers of at least 1, and ax+by=0, to form an ionomer is provided. Further provided are ionomers produced thereby.

The devices can be fabricated by a method that permits active polymer chains to be polymerized on the surface of an electrode such that the active polymer chains are aligned with one another. The active polymer chains can also be covalently linked to a second electrode so the active polymer chains are located in an active layer of the device. The polymerization method can be paused and resumed at any point in the polymerization so nanoparticles can be added into the active layer. Additionally, the polymerization method allows that active polymer chains to be polymerized so they include junctions such as p-n junctions and Schottky junctions.

Metal catalyst compounds are disclosed. The catalyst compound are represented by the formula (I-II and VII): wherein M is a Group 8 metal; X is an anionic ligand; L is a neutral two electron donor ligand; K 2 (A-E) is a ditopic or multitopic ligand. Also disclosed is an easy applicable catalyst synthesis and the application in different olefin metathesis processes, e.g. Reaction Injection Molding (RIM), rotational molding, vacuum infusion, vacuum forming, process for conversion of fatty acids and fatty acid esters or mixtures thereof, in -olefins, dicarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic esters, etc.

A fused-ring quinone-substituted polynorbornene has recurring units of formula (1) and/or (2) below. ##STR00001## In formulas (1) and (2), A.sup.1 is independently a substituent of formula (3) or (4) below, n is an integer from 1 to 6, and A.sup.2 is a substituent of formula (5) or (6) below. ##STR00002## In formulas (3) to (6), each X is independently a single bond or a divalent group, and Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are each independently an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an oxygen atom or sulfur atom-containing aromatic heterocycle that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton. This polymer has charge-storing properties and, when used as an electrode active material, is capable of providing a high-performance battery possessing high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

A monomer represented by the formula: (I) wherein: each R.sup.1 independently represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Z represents an alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, or a group represented by the formula (II) wherein: each L independently represents a divalent alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, each n independently represents 0, 1, or 2; and p represents 0 or 1. A polymerizable composition includes the monomer and can be polymerized to form a polymerized composition. Polymers prepared by polymerization of the monomer are also disclosed.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to bottlebrush polymers and methods thereof. Methods can include methods of stabilizing an interface, stabilizing a cell, or treating a disease, disorder, or condition using an effective amount of the bottlebrush polymer.