An electrochemical water treatment apparatus includes a treatment chamber formed by at least one wall and having an opening formed along the side for substantially the length of the treatment chamber, with a mounting plate applied to the opening. A set of cathodes and anodes are mounted to the mounting plate and positioned inside the chamber, each of the anodes having at least one cathode positioned on each of the two sides of the respective anode. At least two anode bus bars and two cathode bus bars are provided, each bus bar connectable to the power supply and connected to the respective electrodes near a respective end of the electrodes. An inlet adapter has a smaller cross sectional area at the first end connected to the treatment chamber inlet end, and a larger cross sectional area at the opposite end connected to the source of water to be treated. An outlet adapter has a smaller cross sectional area at the first end connected to the treatment chamber outlet end, and a larger cross sectional area at the second end connected to the destination for the treated water.

Provided are methods for producing expanded metal structures with solid margin separated by aperture regions, and applications thereof. The solid and aperture regions are formed by controlling the actuation of the punch sequence, including by the use of actuated and non-actuated regions along the metal sheet. By way of non-limiting examples, the solid margins facilitate uniform connections to form electrodes, e.g., for use in an electrolytic cell for a water purification system, or electrochemical processes in general, and they facilitate indexing of the expanded metal for downstream processing.

Provided is wastewater risk material reduction equipment for removing ecotoxicity, including an oxidation tank configured to supply wastewater to a main decomposition unit and a main decomposition unit configured to treat wastewater, wherein the main decomposition unit includes a decomposition tank, a main electron generating device provided out of the decomposition tank to generate electrons, a main electron injection line configured to move the electrons from the main electron generating device into the decomposition tank, a wave generating device provided in the decomposition tank to activate the electrons by applying an electric field to the electrons generated by the main electron generating device, and a plurality of plates provided at an inner wall of the decomposition tank and at the main electron injection line and spaced apart from each other.

An apparatus for preparing hydrogen water includes: an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze water and including an electrode module formed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and an auxiliary electrode, wherein the electrolysis device is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber with the electrode module as a center; a hydrogen water discharge port configured to discharge hydrogen water including active hydrogen generated at the negative electrode of the first chamber, by being arranged in the first chamber; a spray port configured to spray water toward the negative electrode, by being arranged in the first chamber; an ozone water discharge port configured to discharge water including ozone generated at the positive electrode of the second chamber; a storage tank configured to store hydrogen water and sterilizing water in an internal space thereof, by being connected to a first flow channel connected to the hydrogen water discharge port and to a second flow channel connected to the first flow channel and receiving the hydrogen water generated in the first chamber, and by receiving the sterilizing water generated in the second chamber through a fourth flow channel connected to the ozone water discharge port; and a pump including an output end connected to the a flow channel connected to the spray port and an input end connected to a fifth flow channel connected to a bottom surface of the storage tank, wherein the spray port sprays the hydrogen water stored in the storage tank, using a pressure of the pump, faster than a flow velocity of the hydrogen water discharged through the hydrogen water discharge port.

A waste water treatment system utilizing a series of individual modules which, when assembled, form a beginning contaminate collection chamber attached at the starting end of a main fluid treatment tank in which is housed an array of anodes and cathodes. A center contaminate collection chamber can be attached at the oppose end of the main treatment tank which provides an internal fluid pathway to allow fluid transfer from the first treatment tank into a second treatment tank. Alternatively, the center contaminate collection chamber can be used when multiples of treatment tanks are assembled to work in tandem, or an ending contaminate collection chamber can be attached to an ending treatment module to complete the expandable waste water treatment system. Expandability of the system can therefore accommodate various waste water treatment mechanisms, residence time and manner of treatment.

Synthetic materials that are useful as heterogeneous catalysts or electrocatalysts. The materials can be used to catalyze oxidation and/or reduction reactions and/or oxygen/hydrogen evolution/oxydation reactions.

An electrolytic cell, system, and method for the energy efficient electrochemical treatment of wastewater comprising organic and/or inorganic pollutants are disclosed. The system comprises an electrolytic cell comprising a solid polymer, proton exchange membrane electrolyte operating without catholyte or other supporting electrolyte. The electrolytic cell also comprises a filter layer incorporated between the anode fluid delivery layer and the anode flow field plate for removing various contaminants including particulates and/or suspended solids from the wastewater stream. The cell design and operating conditions chosen provide for significantly greater operating efficiency.

Systems and methods for sanitizing pool and spa water are provided. An electrolytic chlorinator is provided which includes a combined flow, temperature, and salt concentration sensor. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an acid tank for in-situ cleaning of the electrolytic chlorinator or acidification of pool/spa water where needed. A delayed polarity reversal technique is provided for de-scaling and managing passivation of the blades of an electrolytic chlorinator. The electrolytic chlorinator could include a sacrificial anode for protecting components of the chlorinator as well as other pool/spa components. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an integral, electrically-controlled acid generator, a brine tank for periodically superchlorinating and/or shocking pool/spa water, and/or a plurality of chemical tanks/feeds for periodically injecting chemicals into the chlorinator. A combined ultraviolet (UV)/Ozone and salt (electrolytic) chlorine generator is provided, as well as: filters having integral UV sanitizers; reflective linings for UV sanitization systems; means for injecting bubbles into pool/spa water; and a system for acquiring and analyzing samples of pool/spa water using an unmanned aircraft (drone).

Device for removing substances from blood and other fluids such as water, wastewater, chemicals and other biofluids, includes i) an electrocatalytic decomposition filter including a DC power source, a set of electrodes with a catalytic surface or in direct contact with sorbents offering catalytic activity, ii) an electrosorption filter including a DC power source, a set of electrodes, nanostructured sorption material and/or a porous polymer matrix, iii) an inlet for entry of blood or blood plasma or dialysate fluid into the device, iv) an outlet for the removal of purified blood, blood plasma, ultrafiltrate or dialysate fluid from the device, and v) a conduit connecting the inlet with the outlet and holding the electrosorption filter such that the blood, blood plasma, ultrafiltrate or dialysate fluid is forced through the electrosorption and electrocatalytic decomposition filter, and vi) a sensor and control system to safeguard the device from producing oxidative stress.

The system is one in which submerged electrolytic cells provide electricity from the seawater, that directly energizes electro-chemical cells that produce oxygen and hydrogen. The entire system is configured so that micro bubbles of oxygen are quickly adsorbed as they rise toward the surface, increasing dissolved oxidation (DO) by adsorption into the water.