Water-based paint is used as a sacrificial agent to reduce the detrimental effect of carbon-containing fly ash on the entrainment of air in concrete. The invention provides a composition for reducing the effect of carbon contained in fly ash on air entrainment in cementitious mixtures comprising water, cement, fly ash and entrained air. The composition comprises water-based paint and one or more of pulverized or un-pulverized pozzolan, pulverized or un-pulverized cementitious solids, a superplasticizer, a defoamer, an air-entraining admixture, a water-reducing admixture, a retarding admixture, an accelerating admixture, a hydration control admixture and a rheology modifying admixture. The invention also provides a method of reducing the effect of carbon on air entrainment in carbon-containing fly ash, comprising mixing the fly ash with water-based paint.

Water-based paint is used as a sacrificial agent to reduce the detrimental effect of carbon-containing fly ash on the entrainment of air in concrete. The invention provides a composition for reducing the effect of carbon contained in fly ash on air entrainment in cementitious mixtures comprising water, cement, fly ash and entrained air. The composition comprises water-based paint and one or more of pulverized or un-pulverized pozzolan, pulverized or un-pulverized cementitious solids, a superplasticizer, a defoamer, an air-entraining admixture, a water-reducing admixture, a retarding admixture, an accelerating admixture, a hydration control admixture and a rheology modifying admixture. The invention also provides a method of reducing the effect of carbon on air entrainment in carbon-containing fly ash, comprising mixing the fly ash with water-based paint.

Lithium-treated calcium aluminate cement (CAC)-based products, concretes, and related techniques are disclosed. In accordance with some embodiments, a lithium-treated CAC mixture may be produced by intergrinding ground-down CAC, class C fly ash, a lithium compound, and a polycarboxylate material. In accordance with some embodiments, a cementitious material may be produced by intergrinding said lithium-treated CAC mixture with class C fly ash, sodium citrate, and a polycarboxylate material. In accordance with some embodiments, a concrete may be produced by mixing said cementitious material (including said lithium-treated CAC mixture) with rock, sand, and water.

An object of the present invention is to provide an inorganic board suitable for achieving high specific strength and high freeze-thaw resistance as well as weight reduction and a method for producing the inorganic board. An inorganic board X1 according to the present invention includes a cured layer 11 that includes an inorganic cured matrix, an organic reinforcement material dispersed therein, and a hollow body that is attached to the organic reinforcement material and is smaller than the maximum length of the organic reinforcement material. A method for producing an inorganic board according to the present invention includes a first step of preparing a first mixture through mixing of an organic reinforcement material and a hollow body smaller than the maximum length of the organic reinforcement material, a second step of preparing a second mixture through mixing of the first mixture, a hydraulic material, and a siliceous material, and a third step of forming a second mixture mat by depositing the second mixture.

An object of the present invention is to provide an inorganic board suitable for achieving high specific strength and high freeze-thaw resistance as well as weight reduction and a method for producing the inorganic board. An inorganic board X1 according to the present invention includes a cured layer 11 that includes an inorganic cured matrix, an organic reinforcement material dispersed therein, and a hollow body that is attached to the organic reinforcement material and is smaller than the maximum length of the organic reinforcement material. A method for producing an inorganic board according to the present invention includes a first step of preparing a first mixture through mixing of an organic reinforcement material and a hollow body smaller than the maximum length of the organic reinforcement material, a second step of preparing a second mixture through mixing of the first mixture, a hydraulic material, and a siliceous material, and a third step of forming a second mixture mat by depositing the second mixture.

A composition, utility material, and method of making a utility material is disclosed. A composition having an improved setting time may include a plurality of microparticles mixed with a sodium silicate binder and an isocyanate setting agent, where the microparticle composition has a setting time of less than or equal to one hour. A utility material may be a wallboard that includes the composition.

A composition, utility material, and method of making a utility material is disclosed. A composition having an improved setting time may include a plurality of microparticles mixed with a sodium silicate binder and an isocyanate setting agent, where the microparticle composition has a setting time of less than or equal to one hour. A utility material may be a wallboard that includes the composition.

Lithium-treated calcium aluminate cement (CAC)-based products, concretes, and related techniques are disclosed. In accordance with some embodiments, a lithium-treated CAC mixture may be produced by intergrinding ground-down CAC, class C fly ash, a lithium compound, and a polycarboxylate material. In accordance with some embodiments, a cementitious material may be produced by intergrinding said lithium-treated CAC mixture with class C fly ash, sodium citrate, and a polycarboxylate material. In accordance with some embodiments, a concrete may be produced by mixing said cementitious material (including said lithium-treated CAC mixture) with rock, sand, and water.

Self-consolidating geopolymer compositions utilizing fly ash and inorganic mineral including alkaline earth metal oxide as cementitious reactive components and include cement set retarder. The alkaline earth metal oxide is preferably calcium oxide (also known as lime or quicklime) and/or magnesium oxide. The inorganic minerals including alkaline earth metal oxide have an alkaline earth metal oxide content preferably greater than 50 wt. %, more preferably greater than 60 wt. %, even more preferably greater than 70 wt. %, and most preferably greater than 80 wt. %, for example greater than 90 wt. %. The cementitious reactive powder may optionally also include one or more aluminous cements and one or more source of calcium sulfates. The cementitious reactive powders are activated with an alkali metal chemical activator selected from alkali metal salt and/or alkali metal base. Methods for making the compositions are also disclosed.

Self-consolidating geopolymer compositions utilizing fly ash and inorganic mineral including alkaline earth metal oxide as cementitious reactive components and include cement set retarder. The alkaline earth metal oxide is preferably calcium oxide (also known as lime or quicklime) and/or magnesium oxide. The inorganic minerals including alkaline earth metal oxide have an alkaline earth metal oxide content preferably greater than 50 wt. %, more preferably greater than 60 wt. %, even more preferably greater than 70 wt. %, and most preferably greater than 80 wt. %, for example greater than 90 wt. %. The cementitious reactive powder may optionally also include one or more aluminous cements and one or more source of calcium sulfates. The cementitious reactive powders are activated with an alkali metal chemical activator selected from alkali metal salt and/or alkali metal base. Methods for making the compositions are also disclosed.