Provided is a transparent rare earth aluminum garnet ceramic that has a highlight transmission rate and can be mass produced. The transparent rare earth aluminum garnet ceramic is represented by general formula R.sub.3Al.sub.5O.sub.12 (R is an element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements having an atomic number of 65 to 71) and includes Si and Y as sintering aids, or is represented by general formula R.sub.3Al.sub.5O.sub.12 (R is an element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements having an atomic number of 65 to 70) and includes Si and Lu as sintering aids.

A hydrogen permeation membrane is provided that can include a carbon-based material (C) and a ceramic material (BZCYT) mixed together. The carbon-based material can include graphene, graphite, carbon nanotubes, or a combination thereof. The ceramic material can have the formula BaZr.sub.1-x-y-zCe.sub.xY.sub.yT.sub.zO.sub.3-, where 0x0.5, 0y0.5, 0z0.5, (x+y+z)>0; 00.5, and T is Yb, Sc, Ti, Nb, Ta, Mo, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, In, or a combination thereof. In addition, the BZYCT can be present in the C-BZCYT mixture in an amount ranging from about 40% by volume to about 80% by volume. Further, a method of forming such a membrane is also provided. A method is also provided for extracting hydrogen from a feed stream.

The present invention relates to a method of producing a SiCSi composite component. The method includes preparing a first molded body containing SiC particles by a 3D printing method, wherein the first molded body has a first average pore diameter M.sub.1;

forming a second molded body, in which the first molded body and a dispersion containing carbon particles are brought into contact so that the pores are impregnated with the carbon particles, wherein the carbon particles have a secondary particle having an average particle diameter M.sub.2, and the carbon particles satisfy the following formula:

M.sub.2M.sub.1/10; and

forming a SiCSi composite component by carrying out that the second molded body is impregnated with a metallic Si and is reactively sintered;

wherein the content of Si is in the range of 5% by mass to 40% by mass in the SiCSi composite component.

This electrostatic chuck device (1) includes a base (11) having one main surface serving as a mounting surface (19) on which a plate-shaped sample is mounted, and an electrode for electrostatic attraction (13) provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface (19) in the base (11), in which the base (11) consists of a ceramic material as a forming material, and the ceramic material contains aluminum oxide and silicon carbide as main components thereof, and has a layered graphene present at a grain boundary of the aluminum oxide.

The disclosure herein relates to rechargeable batteries and solid electrolytes therefore which include lithium-stuffed garnet oxides, for example, in a thin film, pellet, or monolith format wherein the density of defects at a surface or surfaces of the solid electrolyte is less than the density of defects in the bulk. In certain disclosed embodiments, the solid-state anolyte, electrolyte, and catholyte thin films, separators, and monoliths consist essentially of an oxide that conducts Li.sup.+ ions. In some examples, the disclosure herein presents new and useful solid electrolytes for solid-state or partially solid-state batteries. In some examples, the disclosure presents new lithium-stuffed garnet solid electrolytes and rechargeable batteries which include these electrolytes as separators between a cathode and a lithium metal anode.

A MnZn-based ferrite that can suppress both reduction of the loss at a high frequency and a change in magnetic properties in a high magnetic field and a method for producing the same are provided. A MnZn-based ferrite including Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, ZnO, and MnO as main components, in which Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 is 53.2 to 56.0 mol % and ZnO is 3.0 to 12.0 mol %, with a balance of MnO, in 100 mol % of the main components, the MnZn-based ferrite includes 0.005 to 0.060% by mass of SiO.sub.2, 0.010 to 0.060% by mass of CaO, 0.10 to 0.40% by mass of CO.sub.2O.sub.3, and 0.05 to 0.30% by mass of TiO.sub.2, as auxiliary components, per 100% by mass of the main components, an average crystal grain diameter is 4 m or less, and a sintering density is 4.8 g/cm.sup.3 or more.

Set forth herein are garnet material compositions, e.g., lithium-stuffed garnets and lithium-stuffed garnets doped with alumina, which are suitable for use as electrolytes and catholytes in solid state battery applications. Also set forth herein are lithium-stuffed garnet thin films having fine grains therein. Disclosed herein are novel and inventive methods of making and using lithium-stuffed garnets as catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes for all solid state lithium rechargeable batteries. Also disclosed herein are novel electrochemical devices which incorporate these garnet catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes. Also set forth herein are methods for preparing novel structures, including dense thin (<50 um) free standing membranes of an ionically conducting material for use as a catholyte, electrolyte, and, or, anolyte, in an electrochemical device, a battery component (positive or negative electrode materials), or a complete solid state electrochemical energy storage device. Also, the methods set forth herein disclose novel sintering techniques, e.g., for heating and/or field assisted (FAST) sintering, for solid state energy storage devices and the components thereof.

An oxide sintered body containing indium, hafnium, tantalum, and oxygen as constituent elements, in which when indium, hafnium, and tantalum are designated as In, Hf, and Ta, respectively, the atomic ratio of Hf/(In+Hf+Ta) is equal to 0.002 to 0.030, and the atomic ratio of Ta/(In+Hf+Ta) is equal to 0.0002 to 0.013.

A refractory composition for forming a working lining in a metallurgical vessel contains a coarse-grain refractory particle fraction and a fine-grain refractory particle fraction, or at least 0.25% additive calcium oxide, or at least 0.25% titanium dioxide. The coarse-grain refractory particles can include alumina particles, magnesia particles, magnesium aluminate spinel particles, zirconia particles, or doloma particles, or a combination of any of these particles. The fine-grain refractory particles can be comprised of any low-magnesia refractory oxide. The refractory composition can be applied to a metallurgical vessel by spraying, gunning, shotcreting, vibrating, casting, troweling, or positioning preformed refractory shapes, or a combination of any of these techniques. When contacted by molten metal, the molten metal penetrates into the refractory material, wetting the coarse-grain refractory particles, and forming a refractory-metal composite barrier layer that decreases or blocks oxygen transport through the refractory lining.

The invention relates to a copper-ceramic substrate comprising: a ceramic carrier, and at least one copper layer bonded to a surface of the ceramic carrier, which has a free surface for forming a conductor structure and/or for securing bonding wires, wherein the copper layer has a microstructure with an average grain size diameter of 200 to 500 m, preferably 300 to 400 m.