A method for identifying drug resistant genes and compositions containing agents that downregulate these genes in combination with a cancer therapeutic.

Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of cancer are provided. In one embodiment the composition comprises Gamitrinib and a MAPK inhibitor selected from the MAPK inhibitor is selected from RAF265, AZD6244, PLX4720, PD0325901, LGX818, MEK162, vemurafenib, trametinib and dabrafenib. Methods of treating cancer are also provided.

The present invention relates to a composition for diagnosing resistance to a combination of ECF (Epirubicin, Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil; ECF), which is used for the treatment of gastric cancer, and a diagnostic kit comprising the same. In order to solve a problem that cancer recurrence and drug resistance occur due to an increase in tumor initiating cells (TICs) after treatment with a drug belonging to the ECF family, NINJ2 may be inhibited by early detection of resistance appearance, thereby suppressing the recurrence of gastric cancer and treating resistance to the drugs.

The present invention provides an oxygenated fatty acyl glycerol for use in treating and/or preventing an inflammatory disease a subject.

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of living, microbial samples and microorganisms for subsequent mass spectrometric measurement and evaluation. Findings which can be derived from such a measurement can particularly serve the faster identification of microorganisms in the microbial sample according to species/subspecies and/or the fast determination of resistance/sensitivity of the microorganisms to antimicrobial substances and/or the further characterization of microorganisms, for example in respect of pathogenicity, virulence and metabolism. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparation particularly takes place directly on a mass spectrometric sample support.

Use of BUBR1 as a biomarker for predicting the response to a compound, preferably resistance of a disease such as cancer in a subject, wherein the compound is a furazanobenzimidazole compound of general formula (I). ##STR00001##

Specific peptides, and derived ionization characteristics of those peptides, from the Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BIM) are provided that are particularly advantageous for quantifying the BIM protein directly in biological samples that have been fixed in formalin by the method of Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry, or what can also be termed as Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM). Such biological samples are chemically preserved and fixed where the biological sample is selected from tissues and cells treated with formaldehyde containing agents/fixatives including formalin-fixed tissue/cells, formalin-fixed/paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue/cells, FFPE tissue blocks and cells from those blocks, and tissue culture cells that have been formalin fixed and or paraffin embedded. A protein sample is prepared from the biological sample using the Liquid Tissue reagents and protocol, and the BIM protein is quantitated in the Liquid Tissue sample by the method of SRM/MRM mass spectrometry by quantitating in the protein sample at least one or more of the peptides described. These peptides can be quantitated if they reside in a modified or an unmodified form. An example of a modified form of a BIM peptide is phosphorylation of a tyrosine, threonine, serine, and/or other amino acid residues within the peptide sequence.

The present invention broadly provides different compositions, kits, vectors, and methods including monoclonal antibodies directed to epitopes found within lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannoside 6 (PIM6) for the diagnosis and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.

The disclosure is related to vancomycin resistance and, in particular, to compositions comprising vancomycin for use in inhibiting growth of a vancomycin-resistant microorganism or for use in treating a subject infected with a vancomycin-resistant pathogen. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a composition comprising vancomycin and d-alanine. The disclosure also provides means and methods for treating a subject infected with a vancomycin-resistant microorganism. The disclosure further provides bacteria with a functionally deactivated gene in the vancomycin-resistance cluster.

Use of glu-tubulin as a biomarker for predicting the response to a compound, preferably resistance of a disease such as cancer in a subject to said compound, wherein the compound is a furazanobenzimidazole compound of general formula (I).

##STR00001##