An imaging apparatus and a manufacturing method which enables sensitivity of the imaging apparatus using infrared rays to be improved. The imaging apparatus includes a light-receiving element array in which a plurality of light-receiving elements including a compound semiconductor having light-receiving sensitivity in an infrared range are arrayed, a signal processing circuit that processes a signal from the light-receiving element, an upper electrode formed on a light-receiving surface side of the light-receiving element, and a lower electrode that is paired with the upper electrode, in which the light-receiving element array and the signal processing circuit are joined to each other with a film of a predetermined material, the upper electrode and the signal processing circuit are connected to each other through a through-via-hole penetrating a part of the light-receiving element, and the lower electrode is made as an electrode common to the light-receiving elements arrayed in the light-receiving element array.

One variation of a method for measuring ambient ultraviolet light radiation including: calculating a target direct orientation of a light exposure device based on a location, a current date and time, and a direct solar position model; calculating a target diffuse orientation of the light exposure device based on the location, the current date and time, and a diffuse solar position model; in response to detecting alignment between orientation of the light exposure device and the target direct orientation, recording a direct ultraviolet value; in response to detecting alignment between orientation of the light exposure device and the target diffuse orientation, recording a diffuse ultraviolet value; in response to detecting alignment between orientation of the light exposure device and a target global orientation, recording a global ultraviolet value; and calculating an ultraviolet index based on the global ultraviolet value, the direct ultraviolet value, and the diffuse ultraviolet value.

The invention provides systems and methods for tissue-mounted electronics and photonics. Devices of some embodiments of the invention implement high performance, and optionally flexible, device components having miniaturized formats in device architectures that minimize adverse physical effects to tissue and/or reduce interfacial stresses when mounted on tissue surfaces. In some embodiments, the invention provides complementary tissue mounting strategies providing for mechanically robust and/or long term integration of the present devices, for example, via mounting on tissue surfaces that are not subject to rapid growth or exfoliation processes such as the fingernail, toenail, tooth or earlobe. Devices of the invention are versatile and support a broad range of applications for sensing, actuating and communication including applications for near field communication, for example, for password authentication, electronic transactions and biometric sensing.

A missile detector includes a primary sensor for detecting a potential missile in a first spectral range, a secondary sensor for detecting the potential missile in a second spectral range, and an evaluation unit. The evaluation unit receives first detection signals from the primary sensor and compares them with a threshold value. When the threshold value has been exceeded, a warning signal of the potential missile is issued. Second detection signals from the secondary sensor are continuously received and stored for a predetermined period of time, in order to perform a verification of the potential missile based on a traceback when the warning signal is present. The traceback involves analysis of the stored sensor signals of the secondary sensor.

Disclosed are an ultraviolet mirror device and a method therefor. The ultraviolet mirror device of the present invention relates to a device that can generate an image obtained by capturing an image of skin in the ultraviolet region. The device can be connected to a portable terminal having a display unit, so as to be used as an ultraviolet mirror. To this end, the ultraviolet mirror device includes an ultraviolet filtering unit provided in a front portion or a rear portion of the lens unit to allow ultraviolet light to pass therethrough and thus enter the image sensor; and an image processing unit providing the portable terminal with multiple digital images generated at a predetermined frame rate per second by the image sensor and thus allowing a moving image to be regenerated in the display unit.

This optical sensor device includes a first light receiving portion having sensitivity to ultraviolet light, a first sealing portion covering the first light receiving portion, a second light receiving portion having sensitivity to ultraviolet light, and a second sealing portion which covers the second light receiving portion. At least one of the first sealing portion and the second sealing portion is configured to transmit at least part of a ultraviolet light wavelength band, the first sealing portion is formed from one or more resin layers and has transmission spectral characteristics that a first wavelength is set as a lower limit value of a transmission wavelength band, and the second sealing portion is formed from one or more resin layers and has transmission spectral characteristics that a second wavelength different from the first wavelength is set as a lower limit value of the transmission wavelength band.

A flame detection system includes: a UV sensor that serves as a flame sensor detecting a UV ray generated by a flame; an application voltage generation unit that applies a driving voltage to the UV sensor; a discharge detection unit that detects a discharge in the UV sensor; a discharge count unit that counts the number of detected discharges; a discharge probability calculation unit that calculates a discharge probability on the basis of the number of discharges counted by the discharge count unit and the number of times the driving voltage is applied; a UV intensity determination unit that determines an intensity of the UV ray on the basis of the discharge probability; and a determination result output unit that outputs the intensity of the UV ray determined by the UV intensity determination unit via display or communication.

The present invention provides a plasma generating system that includes: a plasma cavity for generating a plasma therewithin by use of microwave energy; an adaptor electrically grounded and having a gas outlet through which an exhaust gas processed by the plasma exits the plasma cavity; and an ignition device mounted on the adaptor. The ignition device includes: a first electrode electrically grounded; and a second electrode electrically floating and configured to convert a portion of the microwave energy into an electrostatic discharge to thereby develop a voltage difference between the first and second electrodes, where the voltage difference generates a spark discharge between the first electrode and the second electrode to create the plasma.

A plasma generating system includes a waveguide for transmitting a microwave energy therethrough and an inner wall disposed within the waveguide to define a plasma cavity, where a plasma is generated within the plasma cavity using the microwave energy. The plasma generating system further includes: an adaptor mounted on a first side of the waveguide and physically separated from the waveguide by a first gap and having a gas outlet through which a gas processed by the plasma exits the plasma cavity; and an EM seal disposed in the first gap and configured to block leakage of the microwave energy through the first gap.

The present invention provides a plasma generating system that includes: a plurality of plasma reactors. Each plurality of plasma reactors includes: a waveguide for transmitting a microwave energy therethrough; a plasma chamber coupled to the waveguide and configured to generate a plasma therein using the microwave energy; a gas inlet for introducing a gas into the plasma chamber; an exhaust gas pipe for carrying an exhaust gas from the plasma chamber, wherein the plasma converts the gas into the exhaust gas; and a pressure control device installed in the exhaust gas pipe and configured to control a pressure of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas pipe. The plasma generating system also includes a manifold coupled to the exhaust gas pipes of the plurality of plasma reactors and configured to receive the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas pipes.