A retroreflector includes an arrangement of triples, each having three side surfaces, which are disposed in the manner of a cube corner and stand approximately perpendicular on one another. The retroreflector can be produced from a carrier material by injection molding. An optical silicone resin is used as the carrier material. The retroreflector is based on triple mirrors that are both easily unmolded from a die and easily applied to curved surfaces even after unmolding or are usable for reflection of ultraviolet light.

Eyewear having radiation monitoring capability is disclosed. Radiation, such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation, infrared (IR) radiation or light, can be measured by a detector. The measured radiation can then be used in providing radiation-related information to a user of the eyewear. Advantageously, the user of the eyewear is able to easily monitor their exposure to radiation.

Methods and apparatus for processing an image of a beam generated by an optical system to extract information indicative of an extent of damage to optical elements in the optical system. Also disclosed is a beam image and analysis tool capable of acquiring an image of a beam at any one of a number of locations.

The present technology relates to an imaging apparatus and a manufacturing method which enables sensitivity of an imaging apparatus using infrared rays to be improved. The imaging apparatus includes: a light-receiving element array in which a plurality of light-receiving elements including a compound semiconductor having light-receiving sensitivity in an infrared range are arrayed; a signal processing circuit that processes a signal from the light-receiving element; an upper electrode formed on a light-receiving surface side of the light-receiving element; and a lower electrode that is paired with the upper electrode, in which the light-receiving element array and the signal processing circuit are joined to each other with a film of a predetermined material, the upper electrode and the signal processing circuit are connected to each other through a through-via-hole penetrating a part of the light-receiving element, and the lower electrode is made as an electrode common to the light-receiving elements arrayed in the light-receiving element array. The present technology can be applied to an infrared sensor.

A system is provided for determining personal ultra-violet (UV) radiation measurements. The system may include a measurement device configured to measure UV irradiation; and a terminal device configured to receive an output of the measured UV irradiation from the measurement device and to display a specific user's personal UV exposure risk level based on at least the measured sun irradiation.

The invention provides for a system for in vivo real time measurement of NADH recovery kinetics, comprising: 1) a specific pulse sequence to non-destructively, yet effectively, photobleach NADH for measurement of NADH recovery kinetics; 2) illumination light parameters to acquire NADH fluorescence before and after photobleaching, without causing fluorescence bleaching artifacts, for measurement of NADH recovery kinetics; and 3) configurations for devices capable of photobleaching NADH by at least 10% within tissues for effective measurement of NADH recovery kinetics in tissues within a living subject or excised tissues and organs.

Disclosed are an ultraviolet measuring device, a photodetector, an ultraviolet detector, an ultraviolet index calculation device, and an electronic device or portable terminal including the same. In one aspect, an ultraviolet measuring is provided to comprise: a substrate on which an electrode is formed; a readout integrated circuit (ROTC) unit electrically connected with the electrode; and an aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) based UVB sensor electrically connected with the readout integrated circuit unit and formed on an insulating substrate, wherein the read-out integrated circuit converts a photocurrent input from the UV sensor into a digital signal including UV data.

Methods and devices are provided for containing and separately dispensing a sunscreen and a UV indicator for use with the sunscreen to indicate effectiveness thereof. A flexible tube or container defines a primary chamber containing sunscreen therein and has a double flip-top cap mounted thereon. The double flip-top cap comprises a base mounted to the flexible tube and via which the sunscreen is dispensed. A middle section of the cap is hinged to the base and provides access to the primary chamber. A top section of the cap is hinged to the middle section. The middle section and top section cooperate to define a secondary chamber containing the UV indicator, with the top section providing access to the secondary chamber. The secondary chamber can contain a pre-inked stamp, or a stamp and ink pad impregnated with the UV indicator. The UV indicator is applied to one or more small regions of the skin under the sunscreen, and changes color to indicate effectiveness of the sunscreen.

This disclosure provides methods and apparatuses which advantageously stabilize beam parameters and elongate crystal lifetime. In one aspect, a UV laser apparatus includes a non-linear crystal, a laser source, a beam-crystal displacer, a beam parameter monitor, and a laser control unit. The laser source directs a source beam to the non-linear crystal to produce a UV beam and the beam-crystal displacer shifts the non-linear crystal relative to the source beam at a plurality of shift speeds. The beam parameter monitor measures the UV beam and outputs a measurement of a beam parameter. The laser control unit: receives the measurement; determines, based on the measurement, an adjustment in shift speed that steers the beam parameter toward a target value; and outputs the adjustment to the beam-crystal displacer.

The present invention provides a plasma generating system that includes: a waveguide; a plasma cavity coupled to the waveguide and configured to generate a plasma therewithin by use of microwave energy; a hollow cylinder protruding from a wall of the waveguide and having a bottom cap that has an aperture; a detection unit for receiving the light emitted by the plasma through the aperture and configured to measure intensities of the light in an ultraviolet (UV) range and an infrared (IR) range; and a controller for controlling the detection unit.