Utilizing a quench time to deionize an ultraviolet (UV) sensor tube are described herein. One method includes monitoring firing events within a UV sensor tube, where a particular firing event initiates arming the UV sensor tube, initiating a quench time to deionize the UV sensor tube, where the quench time includes, disarming the UV sensor tube to prevent a firing event.

A resistive environmental sensor including an electrode stack and a sensing layer is provided. The electrode stack includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a dielectric layer disposed between the first and second electrode layers, wherein the electrode stack includes a side surface, and the first and second electrode layers are exposed on the side surface of the electrode stack. The sensing layer is disposed on the side surface of the electrode stack, and the sensing layer s in contact with the first and second electrode layers. An environmental variation is inspected by sensing a resistance variation of the sensing layer that is between the first and second electrode layers. The above-mentioned sensor is capable of sensing gases, light, humidity, temperature, and so on. The above-mentioned sensor has advantages of low resistivity and good sensitivity.

A UV exposure dosimetry system includes at least one UV sensor that measures the UV irradiance intensity. The system can generate extrapolated UV intensity data based on measured UV intensity data to correct unreliable UV measurement due to inconsistent irradiation of UV light. The system integrates the extrapolated UV intensity data over time to calculate real-time UV dosage and vitamin D production by taking into account factors including UV sensor location, body surface area, clothing coverage, and sunscreen usage. Based on the measurement, the system can predict the time remaining to skin burn and the time remaining to reach daily goal of vitamin D production. The system is also adapted to measure sun exposure time based on the corrected UV intensity over a period of time. The UV dosimetry system supports multi-user control through an advanced and user friendly input and output interface.

A system for solar disinfection of fluid. One most preferred version of the system includes: (a) A UVTC, made of a polyethylene laminate film with an approximately rectangular plan, providing: a. A first compartment, b. A second compartment for holding fluid, with a port to fill and dispense. (b) A Disinfection Monitor Module (DMM) located in the first compartment which: a. Includes at least one sensor to measure light (e.g. solar UV) intensity b. Provides at least one user interface including: c. Contains a wireless communication interface d. Operates according to a process that ensures sufficient cumulative exposure of the contained fluid to solar UV to achieve adequate solar disinfection.

Alternative embodiments may also include sensors to detect additional characteristics, such as transmittance, turbidity, combined transmittance, and/or temperature.

A device for processing items, in particular items in a production sequence, in different processing steps, has at least one sensor arrangement having a plurality of sensors, wherein at least one item is measured in a detection mode by at least a partial quantity of the sensors as the detection means, wherein an impacting of the at least one item with an irradiation means is determined by a control means while considering a result of the measuring procedure of the at least one item; and wherein the at least one item is irradiated in an irradiation mode by at least a further partial quantity of the plurality of sensors as the irradiation means. If appropriate, at least part of the method is repeated with a renewed measuring, determination and/or irradiation.

A method and system for UV detection of sterilant concentration and dissipation in a volume of a chamber may comprise focusing cameras on at least one point of an object in the chamber; transmitting UV light and sterilant into the chamber; scanning, using the cameras, the at least one point of the object and determining an amount of absorbance at the points; calculating, using the amount of absorbance, a concentration of the sterilant for each of the one or more points; and when the concentration is greater than a threshold, removing the sterilant from the volume. The sterilant may be hydrogen peroxide. The cameras may be stereoscopic cameras. The chamber may be partitioned into a grid of voxels for scanning.

The invention relates to a container for sunscreen agent in which the sunscreen agent has a specific predetermined sun-protection factor, comprising a sealing device (2) by which the container (1) can be closed to make its opening (8) completely sealed, the container (1) being provided with at least one sun sensor (3) arranged to indicate the current UV intensity by changing its hue depending on the UV intensity of the radiation striking the sensor (3), said container further comprising a color-reference range (4) for comparative reading of the hue of the sensor to enable the determination of UV intensity, and time indicator (50) for determining the period of time during which a person of a specific skin type can expose his or her skin to solar radiation at said determined UV intensity without sunburn arising, provided said person has applied the sunscreen agent from the container to the skin, said sun sensor (3) being arranged as an integral part of the container (1) and being positioned such that it is completely covered by the sealing device (2) when the sealing device (2) is sealed.

An ultraviolet sensor comprises a glass substrate, a semiconductor structure, an electrode layer and a thin film metallic glass. The semiconductor structure comprises a semiconductor seed layer formed on the glass substrate and a plurality of semiconductor nanostructures formed on the semiconductor seed layer. The electrode layer is formed between the semiconductor seed layer and the plurality of semiconductor nanostructures. The thin film metallic glass is in contact with the semiconductor structure, wherein an interface between the thin film metallic glass and the semiconductor structure forms a Schottky barrier junction to inhibit dark current and increase signal-to-noise ratio.

A system capable of detecting and/or sterilizing surface(s) of an object using ultraviolet radiation is provided. The system can include a disinfection chamber and/or handheld ultraviolet unit, which includes ultraviolet sources for inducing fluorescence in a contaminant and/or sterilizing a surface of an object. The object can comprise a protective suit, which is worn by a user and also can include ultraviolet sources for disinfecting air prior to the air entering the protective suit. The system can be implemented as a multi-tiered system for protecting the user and others from exposure to the contaminant and sterilizing the protective suit after exposure to an environment including the contaminant.

A method of monitoring ultraviolet radiation reflectance is provided for activating an ultraviolet radiation reflectance digital sensor and display monitor; capturing ultraviolet radiation reflectance passing through a lens onto the digital senor; analyzing ultraviolet radiation reflectance against a preloaded and predetermined color palate; generating a video image; and outputting the video image to the display monitor. A device is also provided for an ultraviolet radiation reflectance monitoring application which receives data from an ultraviolet radiation sensitive digital imaging plate installed on the device; wherein the application processes data received from the digital imaging plate and generates an output image of ultraviolet radiation reflectance to a video monitor communicatively connected to the device.