An apparatus, for use in a transmission device, is provided which comprises includes at least one processor, at least one memory including computer program code, and the at least one processor, with the at least one memory and the computer program code, being arranged to cause the apparatus at least to prepare at least one beamforming and/or precoding pattern for transmitting a positioning purpose signal via a plurality of antennas connectable to the apparatus, the positioning purpose signal serving to position at least one user equipment, and transmit the positioning purpose signal from the plurality of antennas according to the beamforming and/or precoding pattern. Beamforming and/or precoding may be coordinated between a plurality of transmission devices in a coordination scheme.

A method is disclosed that includes associating an identifying information indicative of an item to be tracked from a first device to a second device. The method also includes assigning a master/slave information indicative of a responsibility that the first device and/or the second device is in charge of tracking the item from the first device to the second device. The method further includes determining a position estimate indicative of a position of the item to be tracked based at least partially on the identifying information and the master/slave information. The first device is directly related to the item to be tracked, and the second device is not directly to the item to be tracked. An apparatus, a tangible computer-readable medium and a system are also disclosed.

A method is disclosed that includes associating an identifying information indicative of an item to be tracked from a first device to a second device. The method also includes assigning a master/slave information indicative of a responsibility that the first device and/or the second device is in charge of tracking the item from the first device to the second device. The method further includes determining a position estimate indicative of a position of the item to be tracked based at least partially on the identifying information and the master/slave information. The first device is directly related to the item to be tracked, and the second device is not directly to the item to be tracked. An apparatus, a tangible computer-readable medium and a system are also disclosed.

Disclosed are techniques and apparatuses for transmitting positioning beacon beams including transmitting a plurality of positioning beacon beams from a first node in a first time period using a first order of transmission. Then, the first node transmits the plurality of positioning beacon beams from a second time period using a second order of transmission, where the first order of transmission is different in the second order of transmission.

The angle of departure (AOD) of directed beams, e.g., beamformed beams, transmitted by one or more base stations, such as a gNB, and the angle of arrival (AOA) of the directed beams received by a UE may be used to improve positioning accuracy by identifying Line Of Sight (LOS) beams and multi-path beams. The differential AOA (DAOA) of a directed beam pair may compared to the differential AOD (DAOD) of the directed beam pair. Matching DAOA and DAOD may be used as an indication that the directed beams in the beam pair are LOS with the UE, whereas a mis-match indicates one or both of the directed beams are multi-path. The location of the UE may be estimated using the measurement information, e.g., AOA, RTT, RSTD, etc., obtained from LOS directed beams.

Determining a location of a user equipment includes transmitting, by one or more processors from a network node, a first beam having a first frequency range in a first area and a second beam having a second frequency range in a second area. The first area is larger than and encompasses the second area. A request for determining the location of the user equipment is received. The one or more processors may then cause the second beam to sweep within the first area, receive a second signal from the user equipment indicating when the second beam is swept over the location of the user equipment and data related to signal measurements of the second beam at the user equipment, and determine the location of the user equipment based on a pointing direction of the second beam relative to a position of the node of the network and the received data.

A transmitting device and a receiving device, which can carry out measurements, are disclosed together with a method for estimating an angle of departure of radio waves. The receiving device sets an equal phase of each antenna in a uniform circular array antenna, receives a transmitted millimeter wave signal, and calculates angle of arrival (AOD) of the millimeter wave signal, thus simplifying the steps for estimating AOD.

A wireless communication system according to an embodiment comprises a first wireless communication device and a second wireless communication device. The first wireless communication device is configured to transmit a signal related to program. The second wireless communication device is configured to compute an angle of departure from the first wireless communication device based on a radio wave transmitted from the first wireless communication device, and to perform updating of the program when a computed angle of departure is a predetermined angle.

A wireless communication system according to an embodiment comprises a first wireless communication device and a second wireless communication device. The first wireless communication device is configured to transmit a signal related to program. The second wireless communication device is configured to compute an angle of departure from the first wireless communication device based on a radio wave transmitted from the first wireless communication device, and to perform updating of the program when a computed angle of departure is a predetermined angle.

The present invention provides Augmented Virtual Models accessible via Orienteering using a smart device. The smart device is operative to identify a position within a building and use fine-grain location monitoring to guide a user to a desired location. Upon reaching the desired location, the user can point the smart device at a wall or component and learn, query, or supplement technical details and other information about the wall or component. Technical details and other information are stored in an augmented virtual model of the building.