Multiple radio transmissions are processed to determine, for each of a number of directions of arrival of the radio transmissions, a most direct direction of arrival, for example, to distinguish a direct path from a reflected path from the target. In some examples, the radio transmissions include multiple frequency components, and channel characteristics at different frequencies are compared to determine the direct path.

Multiple radio transmissions are processed to determine, for each of a number of directions of arrival of the radio transmissions, a most direct direction of arrival, for example, to distinguish a direct path from a reflected path from the target. In some examples, the radio transmissions include multiple frequency components, and channel characteristics at different frequencies are compared to determine the direct path.

A method for direction finding is described wherein incoming signals are scanned and analyzed. The bearing value and its quality of the incoming signals are determined by using a direction finding method. A covariance matrix is generated from the incoming signals by using a multiple-wave detector unit. The dimension of the covariance matrix is reduced in order to obtain a reduced covariance matrix. The eigenvalues of the reduced covariance matrix are determined. Then, it is determined whether more than one signal, a single signal or no signal is detected by using the eigenvalues and the quality determined by using the direction finding method. Further, a direction finder is described.

A method for direction finding is described wherein incoming signals are scanned and analyzed. The bearing value and its quality of the incoming signals are determined by using a direction finding method. A covariance matrix is generated from the incoming signals by using a multiple-wave detector unit. The dimension of the covariance matrix is reduced in order to obtain a reduced covariance matrix. The eigenvalues of the reduced covariance matrix are determined. Then, it is determined whether more than one signal, a single signal or no signal is detected by using the eigenvalues and the quality determined by using the direction finding method. Further, a direction finder is described.

A feeder terminal comprises backhaul communication circuitry connecting a communications network via a wireless backhaul, and providing an access base station with wireless backhaul access. Backhaul information circuitry determines congestion information relating to the wireless backhaul and communication circuitry enables communication with an access base station and provides the congestion information to the access base station. In response to a demand message from the access base station comprising quality of service requirements, the communication circuitry forwards the demand message to the communications network. Additionally, an access base station comprises communication circuitry enabling communication with a feeder terminal. The communication circuitry provides a quality of service demand message to the feeder terminal based on a quality of service requirement and receives congestion information relating to the wireless backhaul from the feeder terminal. The access control circuitry controls usage of the wireless backhaul by user equipment in dependence on the congestion information.

A feeder terminal comprises backhaul communication circuitry connecting a communications network via a wireless backhaul, and providing an access base station with wireless backhaul access. Backhaul information circuitry determines congestion information relating to the wireless backhaul and communication circuitry enables communication with an access base station and provides the congestion information to the access base station. In response to a demand message from the access base station comprising quality of service requirements, the communication circuitry forwards the demand message to the communications network. Additionally, an access base station comprises communication circuitry enabling communication with a feeder terminal. The communication circuitry provides a quality of service demand message to the feeder terminal based on a quality of service requirement and receives congestion information relating to the wireless backhaul from the feeder terminal. The access control circuitry controls usage of the wireless backhaul by user equipment in dependence on the congestion information.

An electromagnetic vector sensor (EMVS) system, having a plurality of EMVS devices consisting of a plurality of loop antenna elements spatially orthogonally integrated with and electrically isolated from a plurality of dipole antenna elements, mounted on a rotatably adjustable platform having a true north orientation, including active circuitry residing in antenna housings, and external executing software programs causing the active circuitry in cooperation with the EMVS device and receivers to determine angle of arrival and resolution of incoming wave vectors and polarization of incoming signals and to perform accurate high frequency geolocation signal processing; the programs which perform calibration and antenna element placement determination operations, also cause the system to collect data of known transmitted high frequency skywave signals, and estimate direction of arrival of unknown signals by detecting, resolving and measuring components of an electric field and a magnetic field at a single point.

Determining a device's location in a space in real time is computing intensive. To offload some of the workload in conducting this hyperlocation, the access points in the network conduct some of process in determining the location of a device. The cloud determines a restricted AoA search area based on previous client locations. After this determination, a three-dimensional (3D) AoA search is conducted by each AP in the restricted area (restricted by a range of azimuth directions) for a device. Finally, each AP reports a location(s) for the device, which comprises weights for selected angular sectors. The cloud can then construct a probability heat map for location computation from the weights provided from each AP for the device.

A method for location approximation through time-domain subspace signals and spatial domain subspace signals is provided with an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless device that includes a wireless terminal, a multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna, a spatial subspace processor, and a temporal subspace processor. An uplink signal is transmitted from the wireless terminal towards a plurality of targets positioned within an operational range of the MIMO antenna. A plurality of reflected signals generated from the plurality of targets and is received through the MIMO antenna. The plurality of reflected signals is processed at the spatial subspace processor to determine a direction of arrival (DOA) for each of plurality of reflected signals. Each of the plurality of reflected signals is processed by the temporal subspace processor to determine a time delay. The time delay and the DOA are utilized to derive a location approximation for the plurality of targets.

A method for location approximation through time-domain subspace signals and spatial domain subspace signals is provided with an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless device that includes a wireless terminal, a multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna, a spatial subspace processor, and a temporal subspace processor. An uplink signal is transmitted from the wireless terminal towards a plurality of targets positioned within an operational range of the MIMO antenna. A plurality of reflected signals generated from the plurality of targets and is received through the MIMO antenna. The plurality of reflected signals is processed at the spatial subspace processor to determine a direction of arrival (DOA) for each of plurality of reflected signals. Each of the plurality of reflected signals is processed by the temporal subspace processor to determine a time delay. The time delay and the DOA are utilized to derive a location approximation for the plurality of targets.