The disclosure provides a channel-based positioning device, a channel-based positioning system and a channel-based positioning method. The channel-based positioning method includes: calculating a plurality of angles of arrival (AoA), a plurality of angles of departure (AoD) and a plurality of time of flight (ToF) of signals according to a plurality of channel state information transmitted from a terminal apparatus to a base station; determining a path type of the signals according to the plurality of AoA, AoD and ToF of the signals; and calculating a position information of the terminal apparatus relative to the base station through a specific algorithm.

An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that includes first, second, and third antennas used to determine the position and orientation of the electronic device relative to external equipment. The antennas may include patch elements on respective substrates mounted to a flexible printed circuit. Each substrate may include fences of conductive vias that are coupled to ground and that laterally surround the corresponding patch element. Control circuitry may identify phase differences between the first and second antennas and between the second and third antennas and may identify an angle of arrival of received ultra-wideband signals using the phase differences. The control circuitry may compare the phase differences to a set of predetermined surfaces of phase differences to identify environmental loading conditions for the antenna. The control circuitry may correct the angle of arrival using offsets identified based on the environmental loading conditions.

Beamforming is a critical element of 5G and especially 6G, but currently requires a series of time-consuming and resource-consuming messages. Disclosed are procedures by which base stations can transmit a phased beam pulse, having a phase that varies with angle, so that each user device can measure the received phase of the pulse and thereby determine its angle relative to the base station. Each user can then sequentially inform the base station of its orientation relative to the base station, or can append that information to another message such as an initial access message or an acknowledgement, for example. The user device and the base station can then exchange messages in narrow beams aimed at each other according to the alignment angle. Also disclosed are procedures to economically generate the wide-angle phased beam by combining overlapping beams of various phases.

Beamforming is a critical element of 5G and especially 6G, but currently requires a series of time-consuming and resource-consuming messages. Disclosed are procedures by which base stations can transmit a phased beam pulse, having a phase that varies with angle, so that each user device can measure the received phase of the pulse and thereby determine its angle relative to the base station. Each user can then sequentially inform the base station of its orientation relative to the base station, or can append that information to another message such as an initial access message or an acknowledgement, for example. The user device and the base station can then exchange messages in narrow beams aimed at each other according to the alignment angle. Also disclosed are procedures to economically generate the wide-angle phased beam by combining overlapping beams of various phases.

The invention relates to the method for determining the direction of arrival of radio signals in the presence of aliasing, the method using an interferometric array (12) with four antennas (16) with identical diagrams, and sampling by two distinct sampling frequencies per antenna (16), the method also comprising, for all of the detected wanted signals: the determination of the interference situation for each antenna (16), for the antennas (16) other than the antenna (16) affected by the double interference, the phase of the wanted signal, and for any antenna (16) affected by the double interference, the estimate of the phase of the wanted signal.

A method and system of creating microlocation zones by defining virtual boundaries using a system of one or more transmitters and receivers with one or more spatially-correlated antennas.

A direction finding system is provided. It serves the purpose of finding a direction of an electromagnetic signal. The direction finding system comprises an antenna system for receiving the electromagnetic signal and a direction finder for determining the direction of the electromagnetic signal. The direction finder comprises a direction determiner, adapted to determine a number of possible directions, and a direction evaluator, adapted to evaluate the possible directions and determine the direction of the electromagnetic signal therefrom.

Directional characterization of a location of a target device makes use of multiple radio transmissions that are received from the target device. In some examples, each radio transmission is received at a first antenna at a fixed location, and is also received at a second moving antenna. The received transmissions are combined to determine the directional characterization, for example, as a distribution of power as a function of direction. In some examples, the received radio transmissions are processed to determine, for each of a plurality of directions of arrival of the radio transmissions, a most direct direction of arrival, for example, to distinguish a direct path from a reflected path from the target.

A multi-port antenna and associated systems having extremely wide bandwidth and capable of maintaining directivity as frequency decreases and is made arbitrarily low, allowing DF systems to operate to arbitrarily low frequency regardless of size. Construction may be rugged, lightweight, and low cost, allowing reliable service in harsh environments. The systems allow utilization of both the E and H fields occupying a common area of space. The disclosed DF system takes advantage of knowledge of the as-installed array manifold, uses pattern matching to determine the angle of arrival (AoA) of incoming waves, and enhances sensitivity by using integration on cross-correlation products between the multiple ports to achieve SNR improvement.

A multi-port antenna and associated systems having extremely wide bandwidth and capable of maintaining directivity as frequency decreases and is made arbitrarily low, allowing DF systems to operate to arbitrarily low frequency regardless of size. Construction may be rugged, lightweight, and low cost, allowing reliable service in harsh environments. The systems allow utilization of both the E and H fields occupying a common area of space. The disclosed DF system takes advantage of knowledge of the as-installed array manifold, uses pattern matching to determine the angle of arrival (AoA) of incoming waves, and enhances sensitivity by using integration on cross-correlation products between the multiple ports to achieve SNR improvement.