The invention relates to a method for calibrating a receiver comprising a plurality of analog reception channels each including an antenna element of a multi-element antenna, the plurality of analog reception channels comprising a reference channel, the method comprising determining (E1-E4) and correcting (E5), for each analog reception channel other than the reference channel, a phase shift with the reference channel, said determination comprising: calculating (E1) an observed covariance matrix (R.sub.ZZ.sup.t,e) representative of the covariance between samples (Z.sub.t.sup.e), collected in parallel on each of the analog reception channels over a period of time, of one or more incident reference radio signals on the multi-element antenna, obtaining (E2) an estimate () of a reference covariance matrix representative of the covariance between samples of said incident radio signal(s) which would be collected in parallel on each of the analog reception channels over the period of time in the absence of phase shift between the analog reception channels, calculating (E3) a product matrix (), resulting from the term-by-term matrix product of the observed covariance matrix with the estimate of the reference covariance matrix; determining (E4) the argument () of complex terms of the product matrix.

In a method for determining a 3D directional vector between a sending device and a receiving device, the receiving device comprises at least two antenna arrays that each comprise a plurality of linearly arranged antenna elements that are aligned to different orientations. The method comprises receiving, with the antenna arrays, a signal sent from the sending device, sampling, based on the received signal, outputs of each antenna element of each antenna array at a plurality of time instants, determining, for each antenna array, a Propagator Direct Data Acquisition, PDDA, pseudo-spectrum by performing a 1-dimensional PDDA, 1D-PDDA, based on the sampled outputs of the respective antenna array and on a plurality of steering vectors associated with the respective antenna array, determining a maximum of each PDDA pseudo-spectrum, determining an angular quantity (Ψ) for each antenna array based on the respective maximum of the PDDA pseudo-spectrum, and determining the 3D directional vector based on the angular quantities (Ψ) of each antenna array and on the orientations of the antenna arrays.

Systems and methods for determining a location of one or more user equipment (UE) in a wireless system can comprise receiving reference signals via a location management unit having two or more co-located channels, wherein the two or more co-located channels are tightly synchronized with each other and utilizing the received reference signals to calculate a location of at least one UE among the one or more UE. Embodiments include multichannel synchronization with a standard deviation of less than or equal 10 ns. Embodiments can include two LMUs, with each LMU having internal synchronization, or one LMU with tightly synchronized signals.

Systems and methods for determining a location of one or more user equipment (UE) in a wireless system can comprise receiving reference signals via a location management unit having two or more co-located channels, wherein the two or more co-located channels are tightly synchronized with each other and utilizing the received reference signals to calculate a location of at least one UE among the one or more UE. Embodiments include multichannel synchronization with a standard deviation of less than or equal 10 ns. Embodiments can include two LMUs, with each LMU having internal synchronization, or one LMU with tightly synchronized signals.

A system and method for detecting a multipath environment is disclosed. A first pseudospectrum based on azimuth angle and elevation angle is created. The result of this first pseudospectrum are used to create a second pseudospectrum based on polarization and field ratio. The sharpness of the results for these two pseudospectrums is determined and may be used to detect whether a multipath environment exists. If a multipath environment is believed to exist, the results from this device are ignored in determining the spatial position of the object.

A method for jointly estimating gain-phase error and direction of arrival (DOA) based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) array includes: equipping each UAV with an antenna, and forming a receive array through a swarm of multiple UAVs to receive source signals; when an observation baseline of the swarm remains unchanged, changing array manifold through movement of the UAVs, and re-sensing the source signals; for each sensed source signals, calculating a covariance matrix, and obtaining a corresponding noise subspace through eigenvalue decomposition; and constructing a quadratic optimization problem based on the noise subspace and array steering vector, constructing a cost function, and implementing joint estimation of the gain-phase error and the DOA through spectrum peak search. The method can jointly estimate the DOA and gain-phase error and calibrate the gain-phase error, thereby improving accuracy of passive positioning.

Two antennas receive three kinds of radio waves with different frequencies. A computation unit determines the arrival direction of the three kinds of radio waves arriving at the two antennas after propagating along two mutually different paths from a single transmit point in accordance with receive signals of the three kinds of radio waves with different frequencies received individually by the two antennas.

Two antennas receive three kinds of radio waves with different frequencies. A computation unit determines the arrival direction of the three kinds of radio waves arriving at the two antennas after propagating along two mutually different paths from a single transmit point in accordance with receive signals of the three kinds of radio waves with different frequencies received individually by the two antennas.

According to an aspect, a method of determining two dimensional (2D) angle of arrival (AoA) in a radar system comprising determining one dimensional (1D) AoA to generate a first set of (AoA), selecting a set of valid 1D AoA angles from the first set AoA, and determining the 2D AoA from the set of valid 1D AoA, Wherein the 1D AoA is determined on a first set of data received over a first uniform linear antenna array arranged in the first axis and the 2D AoA is determined on a second set data received over the first and the second MIMO antenna array arranged in the second axis and the set of valid 1D AoA in the first axis. Wherein the second antenna array need not be orthogonal to the first linear antenna array.

A ground antenna determines the current time and its own position from received signals that were transmitted by artificial earth satellites for communication. A high-gain multi-beam electrically-steered antenna is combined with a processing system to measure the angles between two or more satellites and determine the present distance to each satellite by the information broadcast on the TT&C channel. The knowledge of the angles and distances, as well as the trajectory of the satellites, can be combined with their locations as predicted by the satellite ephemeris data to triangulate the location of the receiver. This system is different from conventional GPS antennas because it does not require the cooperation of active communication with the satellites to derive a location estimate. The location is computed by the ground terminal, not by the satellite. This system can be used in cases where other locating services are offline, jammed, or otherwise unavailable to maintain location and time synchronization.