In a wireless communications system, a base station includes a first number of antennas and a smaller second number of radio frequency links. A base station apparatus includes: a rough arrival angle estimation unit, which estimates a rough arrival angle pair by a second number of antennas and a second number of radio frequency links; a candidate arrival angle estimation unit, which determines a candidate arrival angle pair based on a rough arrival angle pair and beam widths determined by a first number and a second number of antennas, respectively; and a precise arrival angle determination unit, which calculates the difference between the projection component and real component for the candidate arrival angle pairs based on a training tone from the user equipment, and designates the candidate arrival angle pair with the smallest difference between those components as the precise arrival angle pair.

Systems and methods for determining user equipment (UE) locations within a wireless network using reference signals of the wireless network are described. The disclosed systems and methods utilize a plurality of in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) samples generated from signals provided by receive channels associated with two or more antennas of the wireless system. Based on received reference signal parameters the reference signal within the signals from each receive channel among the receive channels is identified. Based on the identified reference signal from each receive channel, an angle of arrival between a baseline of the two or more antennas and incident energy from the UE to the two or more antennas is determined. That angle of arrival is then used to calculate the location of the UE. The angle of arrival may be a horizontal angle of arrival and/or a vertical angle of arrival.

Systems and methods for determining user equipment (UE) locations within a wireless network using reference signals of the wireless network are described. The disclosed systems and methods utilize a plurality of in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) samples generated from signals provided by receive channels associated with two or more antennas of the wireless system. Based on received reference signal parameters the reference signal within the signals from each receive channel among the receive channels is identified. Based on the identified reference signal from each receive channel, an angle of arrival between a baseline of the two or more antennas and incident energy from the UE to the two or more antennas is determined. That angle of arrival is then used to calculate the location of the UE. The angle of arrival may be a horizontal angle of arrival and/or a vertical angle of arrival.

An antenna arrangement (1) comprising an antenna array is disclosed. The antenna array comprises N antenna elements (2) (N being an integer ?3). Moreover, each antenna element is connected to an electronics module (3) out of P electronics modules, P being an integer such that 3?P?N, where each electronics module is configured to generate an output signal indicative of a signal received by a corresponding one or more antenna elements. The antenna arrangement further comprises control circuitry (10) connected to the antenna array. The control circuitry is configured to receive each output signal, compute a sum of cross-correlations between each output signal and a set of other output signals originating from other corresponding antenna elements, and determine at least one angle of a direction of arrival of the electromagnetic waves relative to the antenna array based on the computed sum.

The presently disclosed subject matter aims for a search and rescue system and method for a secure Direction Finding (DF) that utilizes a stealth communication technique between the search platform's radio and the radio of the survivor. The search and rescue system and method contain an omnidirectional antenna including a plurality of sectors, each capable of receiving one or more spread-spectrum signals composed of one or more symbols multiplied by a spread spectrum sequence, from a corresponding direction.

The system and method of copy aided geolocation in a cochannel environment. The plurality of emitter signals are detected using a multichannel antenna array, separated into subbands based on frequency ranges using a channelizer, and are further processed using copy weights, property restoral algorithms, and maximum likelihood calculations. The multichannel antenna array may be mounted to a mobile platform and the calculations may assume that the signal of interest is non-Gaussian, but the remainder of emitter signals is combined into another signal that is assumed to be Gaussian. The method and system provides geolocation results that adhere to the Cramer-Rao bound.

A speech-processing apparatus includes: a representative transfer function estimation unit that uses a sound signal which is collected by using a microphone array of which the arrangement is unknown, which has a plurality of channels, and of which the number of sound sources is unknown and that estimates a transfer function with respect to a sound source.

A method of direction finding (DF) positioning involving main lobe and grating lobe identification in a wireless communication network is proposed. A receiver performs DF algorithm on radio signals associated with multiple antennas over a first channel frequency and estimates a first set of DF solutions. The receiver performs DF algorithm on radio signals associated with multiple antennas over a second channel frequency and estimates a second set of DF solutions. The receiver then identifies the correct DF solution (e.g., the main lobe direction) by comparing the first set of DF solutions and the second set of DF solutions.

A positioning sensor includes m receiving antennas connected to a feeder circuit and n variable loads, and a receiver that receives a first signal via the m receiving antennas. The positioning sensor further includes a memory that stores a first signal strength value of a first signal that the receiver receives when a variable load varies in value, and a processor that calculates a second signal strength value from a complex propagation channel, searches for a complex propagation channel candidate that has a minimum difference between a first signal strength and a second signal strength, determines the complex propagation channel candidate to be a complex propagation channel when the receiver receives the first signal, and estimates an incoming direction of the first signal from the determined complex propagation channel.

A positioning sensor includes m receiving antennas connected to a feeder circuit and n variable loads, and a receiver that receives a first signal via the m receiving antennas. The positioning sensor further includes a memory that stores a first signal strength value of a first signal that the receiver receives when a variable load varies in value, and a processor that calculates a second signal strength value from a complex propagation channel, searches for a complex propagation channel candidate that has a minimum difference between a first signal strength and a second signal strength, determines the complex propagation channel candidate to be a complex propagation channel when the receiver receives the first signal, and estimates an incoming direction of the first signal from the determined complex propagation channel.