An apparatus for indicating a direction of a radio transmission is described. The apparatus includes at least one vector detection device including two or more antennas and an attenuating material between at least one of the antennas and a source of a radio transmission. The attenuating material is arranged to vary an amount of attenuation with an angle of the source with respect to at least one of the antennas. The apparatus is configured to generate a signal indicating a direction of the radio transmission by comparing received signal strengths from the two or more antennas.

A terminal and a method thereof are provided for identifying positions of base stations in a wireless communication system. The method includes identifying a priority list including beam indices for beam directions corresponding to a set of base stations; broadcasting sounding reference signals (SRSs) used to indicate the beam indices; performing beam sweeping in a frequency domain or a code domain, based on the SRSs; and identifying positions of the base stations based on the beam sweeping.

A split architecture is disclosed for determining the location of a wireless device in a heterogeneous wireless communications environment. A detector within the device or another component of the environment receives signals including parameters for a localization signal of the device. The parameters describe known in advance signals within the signals. Additional metadata including each frame start of the signals and assistance data and auxiliary information are also received. The known in advance signals are detected based on the parameters of the localization signal. Samples extracted from the known in advance signals are then processed and compressed and sent with other collect data to a locate server remote from the detector. The location server uses that information as well as similar information about the environment to calculate the location of the device, as well as perform tracking and navigation of the device, and report such results to the environment.

Provided are a positioning method, device and system for a transmitting device, and a storage medium and an electronic device. The method includes that: control information is determined by a receiving device, wherein the control information includes temporal information and control direction information, and the control direction information is used for instructing a meta-surface control unit to adjust a reflection coefficient of a meta-surface to a target reflection coefficient corresponding to a preset direction within a target time period; a pilot signal is transmitted to the meta-surface by a transmitting device; the control information is sent to the meta-surface control unit by the receiving device ; and a signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction is determined, and the transmitting device is positioned according to the preset direction and the signal measurement result.

A vehicle is provided that includes a vehicle body, a plurality of RF signal receivers located at a plurality of locations within the vehicle, a portable pet bowl configured to be transported in the vehicle body, the pet bowl including a container for holding content such as water, an RF signal transmitter located on the pet bowl for transmitting an RF signal, and a controller for processing the RF signal received by each of the plurality of RF signal receivers and determining a location of the pet bowl based on the received RF signals.

A vehicle is provided that includes a vehicle body, a plurality of RF signal receivers located at a plurality of locations within the vehicle, a portable pet bowl configured to be transported in the vehicle body, the pet bowl including a container for holding content such as water, an RF signal transmitter located on the pet bowl for transmitting an RF signal, and a controller for processing the RF signal received by each of the plurality of RF signal receivers and determining a location of the pet bowl based on the received RF signals.

A method for determining positions of n target objects, each emitting electromagnetic signals, by m spatially distributed observers, by: carrying out direction-finding measurements by each of the m observers with respect to at least a part of the n targets, collecting the direction-finding measurements by one of the m observers or an external evaluation unit; ascertaining a geometric probability distribution from each of the direction-finding measurements in a partial map; combining the partial maps in order to generate a plurality of possible hypotheses; adding up the possible hypotheses with a respective weighting to form an overall map in order to obtain a marginalized probability distribution that takes all hypotheses into account; and eliminating, step-by-step, hypotheses that are incompatible with the marginalized probability distribution. Also a system for determining positions of emitters from target objects.

Directional antennas comprising substantially identical radiation patterns separated in a horizontal plane by an index angle. A line of bearing to an emitter is determined by a ratio of the power level of an EM signal received by the directional antennas and comparing it to a lookup table to determine an angle off of the boresight of the directional antenna with the highest received power level of the EM signal toward the directional antenna with the second-highest received power level of the EM signal that the emitter of the EM signal is located.

Directional antennas comprising substantially identical radiation patterns separated in a horizontal plane by an index angle. A line of bearing to an emitter is determined by a ratio of the power level of an EM signal received by the directional antennas and comparing it to a lookup table to determine an angle off of the boresight of the directional antenna with the highest received power level of the EM signal toward the directional antenna with the second-highest received power level of the EM signal that the emitter of the EM signal is located.

A split architecture is disclosed for determining the location of a wireless device in a heterogeneous wireless communications environment. A detector within the device or another component of the environment receives signals including parameters for a localization signal of the device. The parameters describe known in advance signals within the signals. Additional metadata including each frame start of the signals and assistance data and auxiliary information are also received. The known in advance signals are detected based on the parameters of the localization signal. Samples extracted from the known in advance signals are then processed and compressed and sent with other collect data to a locate server remote from the detector. The location server uses that information as well as similar information about the environment to calculate the location of the device, as well as perform tracking and navigation of the device, and report such results to the environment.