A temperature-sensing device configured to monitor a temperature is disclosed. The temperature-sensing device includes: a first capacitor comprising a first oxide layer with a first thickness; a second capacitor comprising a second oxide layer with a second thickness, wherein the second thickness of the second oxide layer is different from the first thickness of the first oxide layer; and a control logic circuit, coupled to the first and second capacitors, and configured to determine whether the monitored temperature is equal to or greater than a threshold temperature based on whether at least one of the first and second oxide layers breaks down.

The present invention relates to a method of thawing and an apparatus for performing the method.

The present invention relates to a method of thawing and an apparatus for performing the method.

A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system includes a plurality of sensors including a first sensor configured to measure an outside air temperature of outside air, a second sensor configured to measure a return air temperature of return air, and a third sensor configured to measure a mixed air temperature of mixed air. The system also includes a controller communicatively coupled to the plurality of sensors. The controller is configured to determine that data from one of the plurality of sensors is unavailable and estimate the data from the one of the plurality of sensors based on data from other sensors of the plurality of sensors.

A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system includes a plurality of sensors including a first sensor configured to measure an outside air temperature of outside air, a second sensor configured to measure a return air temperature of return air, and a third sensor configured to measure a mixed air temperature of mixed air. The system also includes a controller communicatively coupled to the plurality of sensors. The controller is configured to determine that data from one of the plurality of sensors is unavailable and estimate the data from the one of the plurality of sensors based on data from other sensors of the plurality of sensors.

An interface module includes: N pairs of input connectors that are electrically conductive and that are configured to connect to and disconnect from N different temperature sensors, respectively; and M output connectors that are electrically conductive, where each pair of input connectors includes: a first input connector configured to connect to and disconnect from a first connector soldered to a first wire connected to one of the N different temperature sensors; and a second input connector configured to connect to and disconnect from a second connector soldered to a second wire connected to the one of the N different temperature sensors, where the second input connectors are electrically connected to second ones of the M output connectors, respectively, and where the first input connectors of the N pairs of input connectors are all electrically connected to a node that is connected to a first one of the M output connectors.

An interface module includes: N pairs of input connectors that are electrically conductive and that are configured to connect to and disconnect from N different temperature sensors, respectively; and M output connectors that are electrically conductive, where each pair of input connectors includes: a first input connector configured to connect to and disconnect from a first connector soldered to a first wire connected to one of the N different temperature sensors; and a second input connector configured to connect to and disconnect from a second connector soldered to a second wire connected to the one of the N different temperature sensors, where the second input connectors are electrically connected to second ones of the M output connectors, respectively, and where the first input connectors of the N pairs of input connectors are all electrically connected to a node that is connected to a first one of the M output connectors.

Systems and methods can control refrigeration within a refrigerated freight container. Thermal sensor nodes can be positioned within the freight container. Temperature measurements can be wirelessly relayed from the sensor nodes to a gateway associated with the freight container. The received temperature measurements can be aggregated and logged at the gateway. Thermal models of the freight container and associated cargo loads can be established in response to the logged temperature measurements and loading plan for the foreign container. The refrigeration system can be controlled in response to processing the thermal models. The refrigeration system can be controlled to optimize compliance parameters associated with the cargo loads.

Systems and methods can control refrigeration within a refrigerated freight container. Thermal sensor nodes can be positioned within the freight container. Temperature measurements can be wirelessly relayed from the sensor nodes to a gateway associated with the freight container. The received temperature measurements can be aggregated and logged at the gateway. Thermal models of the freight container and associated cargo loads can be established in response to the logged temperature measurements and loading plan for the foreign container. The refrigeration system can be controlled in response to processing the thermal models. The refrigeration system can be controlled to optimize compliance parameters associated with the cargo loads.

In a device that measures biopotentials of cells in a solution, the solution is controlled at a constant temperature. A measurement device includes a substrate, a sensing control circuit, a temperature sensor, a front surface side heat radiating unit, a back surface side heat radiating unit, and a temperature control unit. A plurality of electrodes each detecting a potential in the solution is arranged on the front surface of the substrate. The sensing control circuit is arranged on the substrate and controls detection of potentials at the plurality of electrodes. The temperature sensor is arranged on the substrate and detects a temperature of the solution. The front surface side heat radiating unit is arranged on the front surface side of the substrate and radiates heat. The back surface side heat radiating unit is arranged on the back surface side that is a surface different from the front surface of the substrate, and radiates heat. The temperature control unit controls the temperature of the solution on the basis of the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.