The present invention relates to methods for modulating bursts of oscillatory brain activity, such as sleep spindles, in a subject. The invention further relates to methods of improving memory or cognitive function in a subject and method of modulating or enhancing the frequency of occurrence, structure, amplitude, and/or synchronization of sleep spindles in a subject by detecting a burst of oscillatory brain activity in the subject and passing an oscillating current through the skull of the subject.

A device is provided for the stimulation of neurons that includes a non-invasive stimulation unit to generate stimuli in multiple stimulation channels, where the stimulation unit stimulates a neuron population in the brain and/or spinal cord of a patient in different locations for each of the stimulation channels. Moreover, the device includes a control unit that controls the stimulation unit to generate repetitive bursts in each of the stimulation channels, where each of the bursts includes multiple stimuli and is designed so that they do not reset the phase of the neuronal activity of the respective stimulated neurons.

Means and methods for measuring pain and adapted for calculating the level of nociception during general anesthesia or sedation from data including electroencephalogram (EEG), facial electromyogram (EMG), heart rate variability (HRV) by electrocardiogram (ECG) and plethysmography by impedance cardiography (ICG). In a preferred embodiment of this invention the parameters derived from the EEG, the HRV, the plethysmographic curve and the analgetics concentrations are either combined into one index on a scale from 0 to 100, where a high number is associated with high probability of response to noxious stimuli, while a decreasing index is associated with decreasing probability of response to noxious stimuli. Zero (0) indicates extremely low probability of response to noxious stimuli. In an alternative embodiment, only features from the EEG and ECG will be used or only features from EEG, ECG and ICG, to define the fmal index.

Systems and methods for predicting exposure to an agent. One or more features are extracted from physiological data. For each respective classifier, (i) the respective classifier is identified, wherein the respective classifier is trained using training data for a respective physiological state, (ii) the respective classifier is applied to the one or more features to obtain a classifier output that represents a likelihood of exposure, (iii) a respective first threshold is applied to the classifier output to determine a patient state classification, and (iv) the patient state classifications are aggregated across a number of time intervals to obtain an aggregate patient state classification for each classifier. The aggregate patient state classifications are combined across the plurality of classifiers to obtain a combined classification, and an indication that the patient has been exposed to the agent is provided when the combined classification exceeds a second threshold.

Biometric identification methods and apparatuses (including devices and systems) for uniquely identifying one an individual based on wearable garments including a plurality of sensors, including but not limited to sensors having multiple sensing modalities (e.g., movement, respiratory movements, heart rate, ECG, EEG, etc.).

An arrangement may include a first system provided for processing physiological data representative of a beating heart. The first system may be adapted to execute a process for using at least one pattern to detect a notable finding in the physiological data and for sending the notable finding to a second system. The second system may be adapted to execute a process for analyzing the notable finding, for determining at least one new pattern to send to the first system, and for sending the at least one new pattern to the first system. The at least one new pattern may also include a rule that includes a set of conditions and an action to perform if the set of conditions is met.

Methods and systems for simultaneous sub-Nyquist measurement of a plurality of bioelectric signals are disclosed. A system includes measurement and reference electrodes configured to measure a first and a second bioelectric signal simultaneously. The first signal is within a first frequency band, the second signal is within a second frequency band, the second band is higher than the first band, and the first and second bands are separated by a frequency gap. The system also includes a filter for attenuating in the frequency gap and a sampler configured to sample, by conducting a sampling at a sampling frequency, the first and second bioelectric signals as measured simultaneously by the measurement and reference electrodes. The sampling frequency is lower than the Nyquist frequency for the second signal. An alias of the second signal caused by the sampling is in the frequency gap. The alias does not overlap the first band.

Methods and systems for simultaneous sub-Nyquist measurement of a plurality of bioelectric signals are disclosed. A system includes measurement and reference electrodes configured to measure a first and a second bioelectric signal simultaneously. The first signal is within a first frequency band, the second signal is within a second frequency band, the second band is higher than the first band, and the first and second bands are separated by a frequency gap. The system also includes a filter for attenuating in the frequency gap and a sampler configured to sample, by conducting a sampling at a sampling frequency, the first and second bioelectric signals as measured simultaneously by the measurement and reference electrodes. The sampling frequency is lower than the Nyquist frequency for the second signal. An alias of the second signal caused by the sampling is in the frequency gap. The alias does not overlap the first band.

There is described a method and system for measuring a level of anxiety. Measured data comprising EEG data collected from a parietal (P) EEG electrode is received. A group 8 indicator based on a power, P-power (dt), associated with a delta-theta frequency band, dt, within a delta-theta frequency range is extracted. Based on said group 8 indicator, a level of anxiety, LoA, is determined which is a value indicative of the level of anxiety of the subject.

There is described a method and system for measuring a level of anxiety. Measured data comprising EEG data collected from a parietal (P) EEG electrode is received. A group 8 indicator based on a power, P-power (dt), associated with a delta-theta frequency band, dt, within a delta-theta frequency range is extracted. Based on said group 8 indicator, a level of anxiety, LoA, is determined which is a value indicative of the level of anxiety of the subject.