Surgical visualization systems and related methods are disclosed herein, e.g., for providing visualization during surgical procedures. Systems and methods herein can be used in a wide range of surgical procedures, including spinal surgeries such as minimally-invasive fusion or discectomy procedures. Systems and methods herein can include various features for enhancing end user experience, improving clinical outcomes, or reducing the invasiveness of a surgery. Exemplary features can include access port integration, hands-free operation, active and/or passive lens cleaning, adjustable camera depth, and many others.

Adjustable-length surgical access devices are disclosed herein, which can advantageously allow an overall length of the access device to be quickly and easily changed by the user. The access devices herein can reduce or eliminate the need to maintain an inventory of many different length access devices. In some embodiments, the length of the access device can be adjusted while the access device is inserted into the patient. This can reduce or eliminate the need to swap in and out several different access devices before arriving at an optimal length access device. This can also reduce or eliminate the need to change the access device that is inserted into a patient as the depth at which a surgical step is performed changes over the course of a procedure. Rather, the length of the access device can be adjusted in situ and on-the-fly as needed or desired to accommodate different surgical depths.

A patient monitoring and/or treatment system and method is disclosed. The system includes a wearable device configured to be wearable on an external portion of a patient. The wearable device configured to monitor and/or treat a biological feature of the patient, the wearable device including: one or more ultrasonic transmitters that provide ultrasonic energy to a monitoring site and/or a treatment site of the patient; one or more ultrasonic receivers that receive reflected ultrasonic energy from the monitoring site and/or the treatment site; and a controller that controls the one or more ultrasonic transmitter and the one or more ultrasonic receivers and determines an attribute of the biological feature based on the ultrasonic energy that is provided and the ultrasonic energy that is received.

Surgical access port stabilization systems and methods are described herein. Such systems and methods can be employed to provide ipsilateral stabilization of a surgical access port, e.g., during spinal surgeries. In one embodiment, a surgical system can include an access port configured for percutaneous insertion into a patient to define a channel to a surgical site and an anchor configured for insertion into the patient's bone. Further, the access port can be coupled to the anchor such that a longitudinal axis of the access port and a longitudinal axis of the anchor are non-coaxial. With such a system, a surgeon or other user can access a surgical site through the access port without the need for external or other stabilization of the access port, but can instead position the access port relative to an anchor already placed in the patient's body.

Systems, catheters, and methods for accessing and treating along the central nervous system are disclosed. An example method may manage inflammation of the patient to treat a condition of the patient by processing values related to one or more physiological parameters of a patent, identifying when an inflammation condition of the patient has reached a treatment condition based on the processed values, and automatically providing an indication that the inflammation condition has reached the treatment condition. An example indication may include actuation of a treatment protocol. The example method may be performed with an inflammation management system.

Systems and methods are disclosed for conducting spinal cord stimulation or other neurostimulation and sensing evoked compound action potential (ECAP) signals. The sensed signals may be processed to isolate ECAP features from noise and/or interfering signals. The isolated ECAP features may be used to control neurostimulation therapy for the patient and/or guide an implant procedure.

Systems and methods are disclosed for conducting spinal cord stimulation or other neurostimulation and sensing evoked compound action potential (ECAP) signals. The sensed signals may be processed to isolate ECAP features from noise and/or interfering signals. The isolated ECAP features may be used to control neurostimulation therapy for the patient and/or guide an implant procedure.

A spinal cord stimulator (SCS) system and method for placing SCS electrodes in a patient for spinal cord stimulation therapy. The SCS system comprises a stimulator and an amplifier unit. The amplifier unit comprises an algorithm module to store and process algorithms for processing data received from recording electrodes placed in a patient's body. The recording electrodes send real-time electromyography (EMG) data related to the patient to the algorithm module. The algorithm module processes the real-time EMG data, including filtering the EMG data to remove artifacts generated by the SCS electrodes. The SCS system compares the filtered EMG data in real-time with the pre-clinical EMG data and displays the comparison data on the display device. The displayed data is used, by the surgeon, for lateralization of the SCS electrode.

A Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) electrode placement system that includes a stimulator, at least one amplifier, a processing unit, the processing unit programmable with software. The automated system aids surgeons in placing SCS electrodes by determining neurophysiologic position. It does this by adjusting parameters and stimulating the muscles of a patient from the SCS electrode to capturing electrophysiologic signal such as Electromyography (EMG) data from different muscles. This data is then collected at various positions on the SCS electrode and then aggregated to display the location of the SCS electrode. The data is then visually outputted to the surgeon to help make a lateralization decision. All aspects of the system can be manually adjusted by the surgeon.

The present invention relates generally to an algorithm aimed at neurophysiology monitoring, and more particularly to an algorithm capable of quickly finding stimulation thresholds over multiple channels of a neurophysiology monitoring system.