The present application relates to psilocin derivatives of Formula (I), to processes for their preparation, to compositions comprising them and to their use in activation of a serotonin receptor in a cell, as well as to treating diseases, disorders or conditions by activation of a serotonin receptor in a cell.

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The gene responsible for encoding SERT has a functional polymorphism at the 5′-regulatory promoter region, which results in two forms, long (L) and short (S). The LL-genotype is hypothesized to play a key role in the early onset of alcohol use. The present invention discloses the differences in treatment and diagnosis based on the L or short genotypes as well as on a single nucleotide polymorphism of the SERT gene, the 3′ UTR SNP rs1042173. The present invention demonstrates the efficacy of using the drug ondansetron and similar drugs for treatment based on variations in the polymorphisms of the SERT gene as well as methods for diagnosing susceptibility to abuse of alcohol and other addiction-related diseases and disorders.

The invention relates to a serotonin receptor (5-HTR) inhibitor selected from the group consisting of a type 1 5-HTR inhibitor and a type 2 5-HTR inhibitor for use in the prevention and/or treatment of a haematological malignancy. Additionally, the invention relates to in vitro methods for the identification or isolation of a malignant cell from a haematological malignancy or for diagnosing a haematological malignancy based on detecting the expression of type 1 5-HTR and/or type 2 5-HTR. Furthermore, the invention relates to in vitro methods for determining the prognosis, for monitoring the effect of a therapy or for designing a customized therapy in a subject suffering from a haematological malignancy based on determining the levels of type 1 5-HTR and or type 2 5-HTR.

Disclosed are methods and systems for measuring serotonin in a sample using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.

This invention relates to the field of treatment, prevention, and identification of persons at high risk of developing major depressive disorder based upon elevated concentration of serotonin 1A receptors (i.e., elevated serotonin 1A receptor binding potential). In particular, the current invention identifies offspring of parents with major depressive disorder who are at significantly elevated risk of developing major depressive disorder before any symptoms have occurred and treats these patients prior to any symptoms and more importantly before developing major depressive disorder. The invention also relates to the identification of persons who have discontinued treatment for major depressive disorder based upon elevated concentration of serotonin 1A receptors (i.e., elevated serotonin 1A receptor binding potential).

Disclosed are methods and systems for measuring serotonin in a sample using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.

The present invention relates to a novel pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of dystonia or relieving pain caused by myotonic conditions in a subject suffering from dystonia. Particularly, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating dystonia or relieving pain caused by dystonia comprising a serotonin receptor 5-HT.sub.2A inhibitor as an active ingredient.

The serotonin receptor 5HT2A (5HT2aR) and membrane NADPH oxidases (NOX enzymes) are found to be a target of autoantibodies present in Multiple Sclerosis patients. The present invention refers to peptides comprised in the extracellular regions of the human 5HT2aR and/or NOXs for diagnosis and therapy of Multiple Sclerosis.

The gene responsible for encoding SERT has a functional polymorphism at the 5-regulatory promoter region, which results in two forms, long (L) and short (S). The LL-genotype is hypothesized to play a key role in the early onset of alcohol use. The present invention discloses the differences in treatment and diagnosis based on the L or short genotypes as well as on a single nucleotide polymorphism of the SERT gene, the 3 UTR SNP rs1042173. The present invention demonstrates the efficacy of using the drug ondansetron and similar drugs for treatment based on variations in the polymorphisms of the SERT gene as well as methods for diagnosing susceptibility to abuse of alcohol and other addiction-related diseases and disorders.

The serotonin receptor 5HT2A (5HT2aR) and membrane NADPH oxidases (NOX enzymes) are found to be a target of autoantibodies present in Multiple Sclerosis patients. The present invention refers to peptides comprised in the extracellular regions of the human 5HT2aR and/or NOXs for diagnosis and therapy of Multiple Sclerosis.