A PAP system for delivering breathable gas to a patient includes a flow generator to generate a supply of breathable gas to be delivered to the patient; a humidifier including a heating plate to vaporize water and deliver water vapor to humidify the supply of breathable gas; a heated tube configured to heat and deliver the humidified supply of breathable gas to the patient; a power supply configured to supply power to the heating plate and the heated tube; and a controller configured to control the power supply to prevent overheating of the heating plate and the heated tube.

Systems and methods for nitric oxide generation are provided. In an embodiment, an NO generation system can include a controller and disposable cartridge that can provide nitric oxide to two different treatments simultaneously. The disposable cartridge has multiple purposes including preparing incoming gases for exposure to the NO generation process, scrubbing exhaust gases for unwanted materials, characterizing the patient inspiratory flow, and removing moisture from sample gases collected. Plasma generation can be done within the cartridge or within the controller. The system has the capability of calibrating NO and NO.sub.2 gas analysis sensors without the use of a calibration gas.

A method of controlling a medical device is disclosed for delivering respiratory therapy to a user to treat sleep-disordered breathing, for instance obstructive sleep apnea, Cheyne-Stokes respiration etc. by estimating the user's CO2 percentage or concentration from a dynamic lung model driven by an observed respiration signal. The estimated user's CO2 percentage or concentration can be used to predict breathing events, such as hypopnea and apnea. The predictive capacity can be used for adjusting the respiratory therapy as required or for applying a ramp cycle therapy, in an attempt to reduce the prevalence and adverse effects of the breathing events. In other examples a variable ventilation therapy is provided in which pressure is supplied between first and second pressures, with the pressure being increased over more than one breath, and then dropped relatively rapidly, for example during expiration of a single breath.

A system may include an external device and an inhaler. The external device may include a processor, a communication circuit, and memory. The inhaler may include a mouthpiece, medicament, a mechanical dose counter, and an electronics module comprising a processor and a communication circuit. The electronics module may record a dosing event when the inhaler is actuated, such as when the mouthpiece cover is opened, and send a signal indicating the dosing event to the external device. The external device may receive a mechanical dose reading of the mechanical dose counter, determine an electronic dose reading based on the signal indicating the dosing event, determine that a discrepancy between the mechanical dose reading and the electronic dose reading exceeds a threshold, and notify the user of the discrepancy, for example, by providing a notification to the user by way of a mobile application residing on the external device.

Described herein are an interactive apparatus and methods for sensing and measuring real-time characteristic patterns of a subject's use of a dry powder inhalation system. The inhaler device can be used in a wireless communication mode to communicate with a display to assess the subject's usage of the inhalation system concurrently as the inhalation is performed and thus the subject's inhalation can be evaluated as well as the performance of the inhalation system. The system can also detect the identity of the medicament, its dosage, lot, expiration, etc. and the characteristics profile of a dry powder formulation emitted from the inhalation system in use.

A plurality of flow rate values associated with pressurized air directed to an airway of a user of a respiratory therapy system is received. A plurality of pressure values associated with the pressurized air directed to the airway of the user is received. A first time associated with a first breath of the user and a second time associated with a second breath of the user are identified. The plurality of flow rate values is filtered based at least in part on the identified first time and the identified second time. The filtering produces a subset of the plurality of flow rate values. An intentional leak characteristic curve for the respiratory therapy system is determined using at least two of the subset of the plurality of flow rate values and the corresponding pressure values for said at least two of the subset of the plurality of flow rate values.

A method of controlling a medical device is disclosed for delivering respiratory therapy to a user to treat sleep-disordered breathing, for instance obstructive sleep apnea, Cheyne-Stokes respiration etc. by estimating the user's CO2 percentage or concentration from a dynamic lung model driven by an observed respiration signal. The estimated user's CO2 percentage or concentration can be used to predict breathing events, such as hypopnea and apnea. The predictive capacity can be used for adjusting the respiratory therapy as required or for applying a ramp cycle therapy, in an attempt to reduce the prevalence and adverse effects of the breathing events. In other examples a variable ventilation therapy is provided in which pressure is supplied between first and second pressures, with the pressure being increased over more than one breath, and then dropped relatively rapidly, for example during expiration of a single breath.

Systems and methods for nitric oxide (NO) generation systems are provided. In some embodiments, an NO generation system comprises at least one pair of electrodes configured to generate a product gas containing NO from a flow of a reactant gas. The electrodes have elongated surfaces such that a plasma produced is carried by the flow of the reactant gas and glides along the elongated surfaces from a first end towards a second end of the electrode pair. A controller is configured to regulate the amount of NO in the product gas by the at least one pair of electrodes using one or more parameters as an input to the controller. The one or more parameters include information from a plurality of sensors configured to collect information relating to at least one of the reactant gas, the product gas, and a medical gas into which the product gas flows.

A high flow therapy system for delivering heated and humidified respiratory gas to an airway of a patient, the system including a respiratory gas flow pathway for delivering the respiratory gas to the airway of the patient by way of a non-sealing respiratory interface; wherein flow rate of the pressurized respiratory gas is controlled by a microprocessor.

A combination positive airway pressure (PAP) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and resuscitation system and related methods. The systems can be well-suited for use in providing CPAP therapy for a neonate or infant patient, with the ability to also provide resuscitation therapy at a peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) as needed or desired without switching to another system or switching the patient interface. The system can include an expiratory pressure device capable of regulating a positive end expiration pressure (PEEP) of the system, which preferably can also induce pressure oscillations relative to a mean PEEP.