A method of preparing a solution for use during a dialysis, hemodialysis, or Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) treatment of a patient is provided. An antibiotic or other drug is added (48, 50, 52) to a solution and the concentration or dosing of the antiboitic or other drug within the solution is adjusted (72) as required based on a determiniation (64) of serum level of the antibiotic in a blood sample of a patient.

A system and method for enhancing transport of matter between two media. The system includes a membrane separating the two media wherein the first media contacts at least one surface area of the membrane. Further included is a transducer configured to direct acoustic energy into the first medium proximate the at least one surface area of the membrane. In this manner, the system accelerates transport of the matter from the first to the second media.

A multilayer nano-cell includes an innermost water phase core including biomolecules in an aqueous solution; a first layer, including an oil phase layer encapsulating the innermost water phase core, thereby forming a water-in-oil structure, the oil phase layer including caprylic/capric triglyceride and macrogol-35-glycerol-rizinoleat; a second layer, including a water phase layer encapsulating the first layer, the water phase layer including hyaluronic acid, Cu-GHK tripeptide, palmitoyl-KTTKS pentapeptide, and hexapeptide argireline; a third layer, including another oil phase layer encapsulating the second layer; a fourth layer, including another water phase layer encapsulating the third layer; a fifth layer, including another oil phase layer encapsulating the fourth layer; and a sixth layer, including an outmost cream layer encapsulating the fifth layer.

Multicomponent copolymers including two or more types of repeat units is presented. In one example, the multicomponent copolymer includes at least one repeat unit AC having a structure (I), at least one repeat unit DC having a structure (II), and at least one repeat unit BC having a structure (III) or (V). The multicomponent copolymer may be cross-linked via a cross-linking agent. A polymer blend including the multicomponent copolymer or a cross-linked copolymer and a second polymer is also provided. The multicomponent copolymer may be a random or a block copolymer. The structural units of the multicomponent copolymers provide improved, tunable properties, such as improved biocompatibility and hydrophilicity, protein fouling, and mechanical properties, to the copolymers and/or the membranes fabricated from the copolymers.

Method for preparing botulinum neurotoxin and nanoparticle thereof are provided. The method includes fermenting bacteria Clostridium botulinum in a fermentation media free of animal-derived ingredients and contacting the fermentation media with an anion exchange media slurry and obtaining a supernatant including the botulinum neurotoxin by centrifugation. The method further includes dialyzing the supernatant and collecting a dialyzed solution including the botulinum neurotoxin, contacting the dialyzed solution with an anion exchange chromatography column, contacting an elute collected from the anion exchange chromatography column with a cation exchange chromatography column, and collecting an elute. The nanoparticle includes multi-layer including an innermost water phase core including biomolecules encapsulated by an oil phase layer, thereby forming a water-in-oil structure, water phase layers; oil phase layers; and an outmost cream layer. The water phase layers and the oil phase layers alternatively encapsulate the water-in-oil structure. The biomolecules include botulinum neurotoxin and/or hyaluronic acid.

Method for preparing botulinum neurotoxin and nanoparticle thereof are provided. The method includes fermenting bacteria Clostridium botulinum in a fermentation media free of animal-derived ingredients and contacting the fermentation media with an anion exchange media slurry and obtaining a supernatant including the botulinum neurotoxin by centrifugation. The method further includes dialyzing the supernatant and collecting a dialyzed solution including the botulinum neurotoxin, contacting the dialyzed solution with an anion exchange chromatography column, contacting an elute collected from the anion exchange chromatography column with a cation exchange chromatography column, and collecting an elute. The nanoparticle includes multi-layer including an innermost water phase core including biomolecules encapsulated by an oil phase layer, thereby forming a water-in-oil structure, water phase layers; oil phase layers; and an outmost cream layer. The water phase layers and the oil phase layers alternatively encapsulate the water-in-oil structure. The biomolecules include botulinum neurotoxin and/or hyaluronic acid.

The present technology provides micro fabricated filtration devices, methods of making such devices, and uses for microfabricated filtration devices. The devices may allow diffusion to occur between two fluids with improved transport resistance characteristics as compared to conventional filtration devices. The devices may include a compound structure that includes a porous membrane overlying a support structure. The support structure may define a cavity and a plurality of recesses formed in a way that can allow modified convective flow of a first fluid to provide improved diffusive transport between the first fluid and a second fluid through the membrane.

A dialysis machine comprising: a first sensor for detecting motion of a patient; a second sensor for detecting a health condition of the patient; a processing module for: controlling dialysis functions of a dialysis treatment; receiving information related to a status of the dialysis treatment in which toxins are removed from blood of the patient; receiving, from the first sensor, information related to the motion of the patient; receiving, from the second sensor, information related to the health condition of the patient; and identifying an emergency condition based at least in part on the information related to the motion of the patient, the information related to the health condition of the patient, and the information related to the status of the dialysis treatment; and a transceiver for: in response to identifying an emergency condition, sending a notification that includes patient information to one or more remote entities.

A system for extracting ions from an aqueous solution without utilizing ion exchange. A semi-permeable membrane with 0.1 to 1000 nm diameter pores separates an aqueous salt solution from a chelating gel. The gel has un-crosslinked polymer (e.g. 1-10% by weight) and the balance water. The semi-permeable membrane lets ions diffuse into the chelating gel where the ions become trapped. The gel has a molecular weight that prevents its diffusion through the semi-permeable membrane.

An apparatus and method for replenishing urease in a sorbent cartridge for use in sorbent dialysis. The system is configured to allow insertion of a urease pouch, injection of a urease solution, or addition of a urease cartridge, into a dialysis cabinet containing a dialysis flow loop. The urease can be dissolved and the resulting urease solution added to the sorbent cartridge in the flow loop to replenish the urease within the sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can also comprise other, rechargeable, sorbent materials for removing toxins other than urea from spent dialysate.