A process for the efficient transfer of molecules between phases employing mesoporous poly (aryl ether ketone) hollow fiber membranes is provided. The method addresses the controlled transfer of reactants into and removal of reaction products from a reaction media and the removal and separation of target molecules from process streams by membrane-assisted liquid-liquid extraction. A number of possible modes of liquid-liquid extraction are possible according to the invention by utilizing porous poly (aryl ether ketone) hollow fiber membranes of Janus-like structure that exhibit a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface characteristics. The method of the present invention can address the continuous manufacture of chemicals in membrane reactors and is useful for a broad range of separation applications, including separation and recovery of active pharmaceutical ingredients.

A method of forming a CMP pad includes providing a solution of a block copolymer (BCP), where the BCP includes a first segment and a second segment connected to the first segment, the second segment being different from the first segment in composition. The method further includes processing the BCP to form a polymer network having a first phase and a second phase embedded in the first phase, where the first phase includes the first segment and the second phase includes the second segment, and subsequently removing the second phase from the polymer network, thereby forming a polymer film that includes a network of pores embedded in the first phase. Thereafter, the method proceeds to combining the CMP top pad and a CMP sub-pad to form a CMP pad, where the CMP top pad is configured to engage with a workpiece during a CMP process.

A method of forming a CMP pad includes providing a solution of a block copolymer (BCP), where the BCP includes a first segment and a second segment connected to the first segment, the second segment being different from the first segment in composition. The method further includes processing the BCP to form a polymer network having a first phase and a second phase embedded in the first phase, where the first phase includes the first segment and the second phase includes the second segment, and subsequently removing the second phase from the polymer network, thereby forming a polymer film that includes a network of pores embedded in the first phase. Thereafter, the method proceeds to combining the CMP top pad and a CMP sub-pad to form a CMP pad, where the CMP top pad is configured to engage with a workpiece during a CMP process.

There is provided a method of manufacturing an openly and highly porous thermoset foam, the method comprising the steps of mixing a thermosetting resin and crystals to form a mixture; applying pressure to the mixture to expel excess thermosetting resin, thereby producing a network of crystals touching each other with the thermosetting resin filling the interstices between the crystals of said network; curing the thermosetting resin in the mixture under pressure to produce a cured material; and contacting the cured material with a solvent for the crystals, thereby leaching the crystals out of the cured material, thereby obtaining said openly and highly porous thermoset foam. There is also provided a thermoset foam made of a thermoset and having a porosity of at least about 70%, wherein more than about 75% of the pores in the foam are connected to a neighboring pore.

There is provided a method of manufacturing an openly and highly porous thermoset foam, the method comprising the steps of mixing a thermosetting resin and crystals to form a mixture; applying pressure to the mixture to expel excess thermosetting resin, thereby producing a network of crystals touching each other with the thermosetting resin filling the interstices between the crystals of said network; curing the thermosetting resin in the mixture under pressure to produce a cured material; and contacting the cured material with a solvent for the crystals, thereby leaching the crystals out of the cured material, thereby obtaining said openly and highly porous thermoset foam. There is also provided a thermoset foam made of a thermoset and having a porosity of at least about 70%, wherein more than about 75% of the pores in the foam are connected to a neighboring pore.

A method for manufacturing a crosslinked polyolefin separator and a separator are provided. The method includes putting a polyolefin and a polyolefin elastomer into an extruder first, and putting an alkoxy silane containing a carbon-carbon double bond functional group, an initiator and a crosslinking catalyst to form the separator. The crosslinked polyolefin separator has high meltdown temperature and low shutdown temperature.

A method for manufacturing a crosslinked polyolefin separator and a separator are provided. The method includes putting a polyolefin and a polyolefin elastomer into an extruder first, and putting an alkoxy silane containing a carbon-carbon double bond functional group, an initiator and a crosslinking catalyst to form the separator. The crosslinked polyolefin separator has high meltdown temperature and low shutdown temperature.

A filtration method that includes a cleaning step using a chemical agent, wherein provided is the filtration method with excellent chemical resistance performance. The filtration method pertaining to the present invention comprises a filtration step in which a liquid to be filtered is filtered by being passed through a porous membrane formed of a resin, and a cleaning step in which the membrane interior of the porous membrane is cleaned after the filtration step, wherein a porous membrane for which the area ratio of a resin part having an area of 1 μm.sup.2 or less included in a cross section of the membrane interior is at least 70% of the total area of the entire resin part included in the cross section, and said cleaning step includes a step in which an aqueous solution of at least 1% sodium hydroxide is passed through the porous membrane.

A crosslinked polyolefin separator having a ratio (A/B) of storage modulus G′ (A) to loss modulus G″ (B) of 2 or more, at a range of the frequency of the crosslinked polyolefin separator of 1 rad/s or less, in the frequency-loss/storage modulus curve. The crosslinked polyolefin separator is controlled to have a high ratio of storage modulus to loss modulus, and thus maintains its elasticity even at high temperature. Therefore, it is possible to provide a separator having improved safety.

Compositions are provided that include a matrix and a polymeric composite particles disposed in the matrix. The polymeric composite particles include a porous polymeric core and a fragrance positioned within the porous polymeric core. Polymeric composite particles are also provided including a porous polymeric core, a fragrance positioned within the porous polymeric core, and a coating layer around the porous polymeric core. Further, a method of determining a minimum temperature of a composition is provided including providing a composition including polymeric composite particles disposed in a matrix, heating the composition, releasing at least a portion of the fragrance as a vapor from the porous polymeric core of the polymeric composite particles at or above the minimum temperature, and detecting at least a portion of the fragrance vapor in a location outside of the matrix.