Nanoparticle compositions contain a graphene-based material. A preparation process involves providing several components and milling a mixture. The nanoparticle compositions can be used as a lubricant additive to improve tribological performance, in particular to improve anti-friction and anti-wear performance on metal parts. A corresponding lubricant composition contains these nanoparticle compositions.

An oil-soluble ashless antiwear additive and a lubricating composition including the ashless antiwear additive having improved copper corrosion performance obtained by reacting an organic hydroxy compound with phosphorus pentasulfide to form a reaction product, distilling the reaction product and recovering a condensate, and reacting the condensate with an unsaturated carboxylic acid to form an oil-soluble phosphorus antiwear additive.

The invention is related to a composition for use in hydraulic systems of an aircraft. The composition typically comprises an adipic acid-based polyester in a phosphate ester base stock substantially consisting of trialkyl phosphates.

The disclosure relates to a lubricating composition consisting essentially of a decarboxylated rosin acid (DCR), a base oil, and optional additives, and methods for using same. The decarboxylated rosin acid has a density of 0.9 to 1.0 g/cm3 at 20? C., a viscosity of 15 to 60 cSt at 40? C., and an acid value of <50 mg KOH/g. The lubricating compositions containing the DCR is characterized as having improved anti-wear and friction reducing properties, as well as improved electrical properties, and cooling performance for use in electric and hybrid vehicles. In embodiments, the lubricating composition exhibits a wear scar diameter of <350 ?m, according to ASTM D6079.

This disclosure describes an ashless lubricant additive. The additive is a tertiary amine-containing compound having the following structure:

##STR00001##

where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently a linear or branched-chain monovalent hydrocarbyl group having two to about twenty carbon atoms, each m is independently from 0 to 2, each p is independently from 0 to 2, for each cyclic moiety m+p is from 2 to 4, and each n is independently from 1 to 6.

To provide a lubricant composition for shock absorbers, a friction adjusting additive for a lubricant for shock absorbers, and a lubricant additive, each capable of satisfying both operational stability and ride comfort and improving the ride comfort further. The lubricant composition for shock absorbers contains a base oil and a friction adjusting agent and the friction adjusting agent contains a first zinc dithiophosphate represented by the following formula 1: ##STR00001##
[in the formula 1, R.sup.11 to R.sup.14 are alkyl groups in which one or more and three or less is/are a primary alkyl group and the other(s) is/are a secondary alkyl group].

To provide a lubricant composition for shock absorbers, a shock absorber, and a method for adjusting the friction of a lubricant composition for shock absorbers, each capable of satisfying both operational stability and ride comfort particularly at the time of a minute amplitude. The lubricant composition for shock absorbers contains a base oil and a friction adjusting agent, wherein the friction adjusting agent contains a pentaerythritol ester, the pentaerythritol ester contains a pentaerythritol tetraester at the highest proportion or in an amount of 50 mass % or more, and the pentaerythritol ester content is 0.5 mass % or more.

One aspect of the disclosure relates to a sliding member. The sliding member includes: a first sliding portion having a first lubricant placed between first parts of a first friction sliding mechanism; and a second sliding portion having a second lubricant placed between second parts of a second friction sliding mechanism. The first sliding portion has a lubricant feed port from which the first lubricant is fed, and the second sliding portion has no lubricant feed port from which the second lubricant is fed. The first lubricant contains base oil and an additive. The second lubricant contains base oil and an additive containing conductive carbon. The second lubricant contains a relatively larger amount of conductive carbon than the first lubricant.

The present disclosure provides processes for producing alkylated fatty acids and derivatives thereof. In at least one embodiment, a process includes introducing a terminal alkyl transferase and a fatty acid into a bioreactor. The process includes introducing an internal methyl transferase and internal methyl reductase into the bioreactor or a second bioreactor. The process includes obtaining an alkylated fatty acid having a methyl substituent located at an internal carbon atom of the fatty acid and a methyl substituent or ethyl substituent located at a carbon atom alpha to the terminal carbon atom of the fatty acid.

The present disclosure provides an antiwear composition including molybdenum dithiocarbamate and an additional antiwear agent including at least one non-zinc-based antiwear additive. The present disclosure further provides a lubricating composition or hydraulic oil that includes at least one lubricating base oil and an antiwear composition (such as, a non-zinc-based or substantially zinc-free antiwear agent) including an effective amount of molybdenum dithiocarbamate. The disclosure also provides methods of making and using the same.