A multi-stage process for the production of an ISO8217 compliant Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core process under reactive conditions in a Reaction System composed of one or more reaction vessels, wherein one or more of the reaction vessels contains one or more catalysts in the form of a structured catalyst bed and is operated under reactive distillation conditions. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the process is disclosed.

Integrated gas oil separation plant systems and methods are disclosed. Systems and methods include treating a crude oil inlet feed stream with a high pressure production trap (HPPT), a low pressure production trap (LPPT), a low pressure degassing tank (LPDT), a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a LPPT recycle water stream, a fresh wash water supply stream, and a LPDT recycle water stream, where the LPDT recycle water stream is operable to supply recycle water from the LPDT to an output stream from the HPPT to form the LPPT inlet feed stream.

A method for predicting the critical solvent power of a visbroken residue stream of interest, CSP.sub.VisRes(OI) comprises predicting CSP.sub.VisRes(OI) from the critical percentage titrant of an atmospheric residue stream, CPT.sub.AR, the atmospheric residue stream being derived from the same crude oil as the visbroken residue stream of interest. A method for predicting the solvent power of a visbroken residue stream of interest, SP.sub.VisRes(OI), comprises predicting SP.sub.VisRes(OI) from the critical solvent power of the visbroken residue stream, CSP.sub.VisRes, and the critical percentage titrant of the visbroken residue stream, CPT.sub.VisRes. CPT.sub.VisRes is derived from the critical percentage cetane of the visbroken residue stream, CPC.sub.VisRes, which, in turn, is calculated from the P-value of the visbroken residue stream. The methods may be used to predict the stability of a fuel oil containing the visbroken residue.

The present invention relates to a process for converting plastic into waxes by cracking. The process comprises the steps of introducing the plastic within a reactor; allowing at least a portion of the plastic to be converted to waxes, the waxes being part of a pyrolysis gas formed within the reactor; and removing a product stream containing said waxes from the reactor. The invention also relates to a mixture of hydrocarbons obtainable by that process.

A process to prepare paraffins and waxes is provided, the process comprising: subjecting a Fischer-Tropsch product stream comprising paraffins having from 10 to 300 carbon atoms to a hydrogenation step, thereby obtaining a hydrogenated Fischer-Tropsch product stream comprising 10 to 300 carbon atoms; separating the hydrogenated Fischer-Tropsch product stream, thereby obtaining at least a fraction comprising 10 to 17 carbon atoms and a fraction comprising 18 to 300 carbon atoms; separating the fraction comprising 18 to 300 carbon atoms, thereby obtaining one or more first light waxes having a congealing point in the range of 30 to 75 C. and a second heavy wax having a congealing point in the range of 75 to 120 C.; and hydrofinishing one or more wax fractions having a congealing point in the range of 30 to 75 C. thereby obtaining one or more hydrofinished wax fractions having a congealing point in the range of 30 to 75 C.

Integrated gas oil separation plant systems and methods are disclosed. Systems and methods include treating a crude oil inlet feed stream with a high pressure production trap (HPPT), a low pressure production trap (LPPT), a low pressure degassing tank (LPDT), a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a LPPT recycle water stream, a fresh wash water supply stream, and a LPDT recycle water stream, where the LPDT recycle water stream is operable to supply recycle water from the LPDT to an output stream from the HPPT to form the LPPT inlet feed stream.

Systems for producing fuel compositions with predetermined desirable properties are disclosed. Feedback control can be employed to meter precise amounts of fuel composition components while monitoring fuel composition properties to obtain fuel compositions having specifically defined properties.

A multi-stage process for the production of an ISO 8217 compliant Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a Reaction System composed of one or more reactor vessels selected from a group reactor wherein said one or more reactor vessels contains one or more reaction sections configured to promote the transformation of the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil to the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the process is disclosed that can utilize a modular reactor vessel contained within a frame work based on ISO 40 foot or ISO 20 foot container dimensions.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil, the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil is compliant with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and the Environmental Contaminants, which are selected from the group consisting of: a sulfur; vanadium, nickel, iron, aluminum and silicon and combinations thereof, have concentration less than 0.5 wt %. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil can be used as or as a blending stock for an ISO 8217 compliant, IMO MARPOL Annex VI (revised) compliant low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil, the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil is compliant with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and the sulfur and Specific Contaminants have concentration less than 0.5 wt %., wherein the Specific Contaminates are selected from the group consisting of: vanadium, sodium, aluminum, silicon, calcium, zinc, phosphorus, nickel, iron and combinations thereof. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil can be used as or as a blending stock for an ISO 8217 compliant, IMO MARPOL Annex VI (revised) compliant low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil.