METHOD FOR BUILDING A TRAFFIC TUNNEL, A CONDUIT SHAFT, OR A PRESSURISED WATER SHAFT BY WAY OF THE TUBBING CONSTRUCTION METHOD

Abstract

A method for the construction of a trafficway tunnel, a conduit shaft or a pressurized-water shaft by tubbing construction, wherein segment components are assembled in a machine-generated bore in the rock to form a closed lining in the form of a segment tube, and the annular gap between the bore and the outer wall of the segment tube is filled with a composition which includes polymerization-curing reactive resin and filler, where the filler, before or during conveying into the annular gap, is supplied with the polymerization-curing reactive resin, which is mixed with the filler and is dispersed therein, characterized in that the composition is cement-free and the filler includes a non-water-reactive inorganic material which has an average particle size500 m.

Claims

1. A method for the construction of a trafficway tunnel, a conduit shaft or a pressurized-water shaft by tubbing construction, wherein segment components are assembled in a machine-generated bore in the rock or soil to form a closed lining in the form of a segment tube, and the annular gap between the bore and the outer wall of the segment tube is filled with a composition which comprises polymerization-curing reactive resin and filler, where the filler, before or during conveying into the annular gap, is supplied with the polymerization-curing reactive resin, which is mixed with the filler and is dispersed therein, wherein the composition is cement-free and the filler comprises a non-water-reactive inorganic material which has an average particle size500 m.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the non-water-reactive inorganic material has an average particle size of 0.5 to 300 m.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filler consists of the non-water-reactive inorganic material.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the non-water-reactive inorganic material comprises or consists of calcium carbonate.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the non-water-reactive inorganic material is selected from calcite, silts, clays, quartz flour, fly ash, dusts or flours or mixtures thereof.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the non-water-reactive inorganic material comes from a recycling process.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filler is used as an aqueous suspension.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a reactive resin curing by polyaddition, polycondensation or by radical polymerization is used as the polymerization-curing reactive resin.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a reactive resin based on acrylate or silicate resin or based on polyurethane or based on epoxy resin or polyester resin is used.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises 5% to 50% by volume of reactive resin.

11. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises 20% to 90% by volume of filler.

12. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition consists of reactive resin, non-water-reactive inorganic material and water.

13. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filler is admixed with the polymerization-curing reactive resin before the polymerization.

14. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filler is mixed with the polymerization-curing reactive resin and dispersed therein, by mixing, after the combining of reactive resin and filler, the two components by a mixing device.

15. A method for filling an annular gap between a bore and an outer wall of a segment tube, comprising filling the annular gap with a composition which comprises polymerization-curing reactive resin and filler, the filler being cement-free and comprising a non-water-reactive inorganic material which has a particle size500 m.

Description

[0029] The invention is described below with reference to an exemplary embodiment in the drawings, in which:

[0030] FIG. 1 shows a schematic detail view in section in the region of a shield tail of a tunnel boring machine, behind which segment components are successively inserted to form a segment tube,

[0031] FIG. 2 shows a schematic lateral plan view of a tunnel boring machine with a front cutting wheel and a shield skin following it, and below in section a detail in the vertical upper end region of the tunnel boring machine and the bore with inserted segment components,

[0032] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view in cross section transverse to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel bore with installed segment components and a filling of an annular gap between the outer walls of the segment components and the bore in the rock mass,

[0033] FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the preparation of the injection compound for filling the annular gap, where the filler is first mixed with water to form a suspension, which is then mixed in a mixer with reactive resin to form the injection compound intended for the filling of the annular gap.

[0034] The field of use of the method of the invention is now elucidated with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The bore in the subsurface is produced by a tunnel boring machinein the exemplary embodiment shown, a shield machine 1which is shown in simplified form in lateral plan view in FIG. 2 at the top. The shield machine 1 is provided at the front with a cutting wheel 2, followed behind by a shield skin 4, which is formed by a steel cylinder sleeve with a slightly smaller diameter in relation to the cutting wheel 2. The equipment and machines necessary for operation are accommodated in the shield skin 4; more particularly, the interior of the shield skin 4 accommodates drives, an advancement mechanism and devices for the installation of the segment components 10 made of concrete for forming the tunnel lining. The installation of the segment components 10 is carried out a few meters behind the cutting wheel 2, thus very quickly following the production of the respective bore section, with a robot-like device, the so-called erector (not shown), being employed for installing the segment components 10 in the rear part of the shield skin 4, the so-called shield tail 6. The tunnel boring machine is advanced by mechanical feed means which engage at the end face, i.e., at the frontmost ring of segment components of the tunnel lining and which advance the tunnel boring machine, supported there-on.

[0035] FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional representation in the upper region of a bore just produced, where, of the tunnel boring machine, only an upper end region of the shield tail 6 and, of the tunnel lining, only an upper end region of the last-installed rings of segment components 10 are shown. As shown in FIG. 1, successive rings of segment components 10 are sealed by seals 12.

[0036] From the detail in the lower part of FIG. 2 it can be seen that the outer diameter of the cutting wheel 2 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the following shield skin 4, which is why the bore in the surrounding rock mass has a slightly larger diameter than the shield skin 4. Furthermore, it can be seen from the detail view in the lower part of FIG. 2 that, since the segment components 10 are assembled at the rear inside the shield tail to form a respective ring, which then migrates out of the shield tail 4 to the rear when the tunnel boring machine advances, the outer diameter of the annular segment composed of the segment components is therefore still smaller than the diameter of the bore in the rock mass produced by the cutting wheel 2. Therefore, there remains a clearance between the outer casing of the tunnel lining formed by the segment components 10 and the inner wall of the bore in the rock mass produced by the cutting wheel 2. This interstice is called the annular gap. The annular gap must be filled with an injection compound, as explained in the introduction, in order to mount and embed the tunnel lining in the bore.

[0037] To produce the injection compound for the annular gap filling, reactive resin and filler are combined in a container of a mechanical mixer 20 inside the shield tail and are mixed by a mechanical mixer rotating in the container 20. The mixed injection material, driven by a pump 22, is then conveyed out of the mechanical mixer 20 and through a conduit. The injection material is fed into a conduit 24, which first leads radially outwards into the outer wall of the shield tail, there in a cavity of the shield tail 6 has a bend of 90 and in a further section runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical shield tail 6 to its end, where the conduit 24 opens to the annular gap. Several of these conduits 24 may be present, which are also present in conventional tunnel boring machines and are referred to as piles.

[0038] At the rear end of the shield tail 6, brush seals 8 are located both on the inner wall and on the outer wall, and firstly seal the end region of the shield tail 6 with respect to the outer wall of the last-formed ring of segment components 10 and secondly seal the outer wall of the shield tail 6 with respect to the surrounding rock mass. These brush seals 8 are intended to ensure that no injection material pressed from the end of the lip 24 into the annular gap beyond the filling of the annular gap is also pushed forward beyond the end region of the shield tail 6.

[0039] In this way, the injection material is pumped out of the container of the mechanical mixer 20 through the conduit leading from the container 20 by means of the pump 22 and further through the pile 24 into the annular gap, and so, as drilling by the tunnel boring machine progresses, in the resulting annular gap between the tunnel lining and the surrounding rock mass 102, an annular gap filling 100 is continuously formed. In this case, as a rule, several piles 24 are present, e.g., six piles distributed around the circumference of the shield tail 6, which convey injection material into the annular gap in a manner distributed around the circumference so as to fill this gap and, after curing of the annular gap filling 100, to form a stable bedding for the tunnel lining composed of the segment components 10.

[0040] In FIG. 3 it can be seen that the segment components 10 are each provided with an injection opening 11 passing through the segmenting component. These injection openings 11 are normally closed by seals. The injection openings 11 are used to fill any existing or newly formed cavities in the annular gap, after curing of the annular gap filling 100, by further injection of mixed reactive resin and filler.

[0041] In FIG. 4, an embodiment of the method of the invention is illustrated very schematically. In this case, the filler is formed by a mixture of water and non-water-reactive inorganic material. Here, the non-water-reactive inorganic material 50 (indicated schematically by a bag) is filled into the container 22 and mixed therein with water supplied from a water container 24, after which the mixture is pumped via a conduit into an aeration tank 80. In the aeration tank 80, the mixture is circulated by a rotating propeller. In parallel with this, two pumps 60 convey two monomer components A, B, which are combined downstream of the outlet of the pumps 60 and forced through a static mixer 62. From the outlet of the static mixer 62, the reactive resin is conveyed into an inlet of a static mixer 64. The static mixer 64 also has a second inlet for the conduit from the aeration tank 80, through which the filler suspension is supplied. In the mixer 64, the reactive resin and the filler suspension are mixed with each other, where for this purpose the mixer 64 can be embodied likewise as a static mixer. After mixing of filler suspension and reactive resin, the resulting mixture is conveyed further for injection into the annular gapthat is, in particular, into the piles 24, whose outlet openings at the end of the shield tail 6 open into the annular gap.