Provided herein are compositions and methods of making high density nucleic acid polymers.

The present disclosure relates to materials for radical-initiated activation of a latent catalyst for ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The present disclosure also relates to uses of the materials, e.g., in 3D printing.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a chemically recyclable polyvinyl alcohol copolymer through ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclohexene derivatives, wherein the ring strain energy of cyclohexene monomers is increased using trans-fused cyclic carbonate groups to perform ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) while efficiently controlling same to produce a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer with a well-defined structure of 1,2-diol per six carbon atoms and exhibiting high hydrolytic stability, excellent oxygen protective properties, and processability. In addition, the polyvinyl alcohol copolymer can be chemically recycled into 1,2-diol containing cyclohexene through the ring-closing metathesis of the polyvinyl alcohol polymer, and useful compounds, including industrially useful ,-dialdehyde compounds, can be produced by chemically cleaving 1,2-diol groups.

Provided are a cycloolefin polymer simultaneously having a high refractive index, a low Abbe number, and low birefringence and also a method of producing this cycloolefin polymer and an optical element in which this cycloolefin polymer is used. The cycloolefin polymer is a polymer, or hydrogenated product thereof, said polymer comprising a structural unit derived from a naphthyl group-containing alicyclic compound (A) represented by following formula (1), in a specific proportion. In formula (1), one of R.sub.2a to R.sub.5a is a naphthyl group and remaining groups among R.sub.2a to R.sub.5a and R.sub.1a are as defined in the specification. ##STR00001##

The problem of the present disclosure is to provide a polymer having improved tensile strength at break (TB) and elongation at break (EB), and the solution is to provide a complex polymer including a polymer chain containing a diene unit and/or an olefin unit and two or more functional groups containing an oxygen atom bonded to a main chain and/or a side chain of the polymer chain. The oxygen atoms in at least two of the functional groups are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms in the main chain and/or the side chain of the polymer chain, and at least two of the functional groups are complexed with a metal ion of an element of Groups 3 to 12 in the periodic table.

A composition is described comprising a cyclic olefin; a ring opening metathesis polymerization catalyst; and at least 40 wt. % of thermally conductive particles. The thermally conductive particles are selected such that the composition after curing has a thermal conductivity of at least 1W/M*K. In one embodiment, the thermally conductive particle comprises a combination of smaller and larger thermally conductive particles. In another embodiment, the thermally conductive particles comprise boron nitride particles. Also described are (e.g. structural) adhesives, methods of bonding and articles.

Use of compounds selected from copper complexes having at least one organic ligand and ruthenium complexes having at least one organic ligand, for activating olefin metathesis ruthenium (pre)catalysts in a metathesis reaction, in particular in the ring opening metathesis polymerization reaction (ROMP).

A copolymer represented by general formula (1) below:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a substituent containing a silicon atom, an oxygen atom, or a nitrogen atom, and x is 0 to 2 (with the proviso that those in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are all hydrogen atoms and x is 0 are excluded), R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, p is 30 to 2000, q is 0 to 2000, p+q is 30 to 2000, and n is 200 to 5000; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may each be bonded together to form a ring; and multiple R.sup.1s to R.sup.5s may be the same or different from each other, and the values of a plurality of x may be the same or different.

The present disclosure provides enynes, end-functionalized polymers, conjugates, methods of preparation, compositions, kits, and methods of use. The conjugates comprise at least (1) a peptide (e.g., an antibody), protein, nucleoprotein, mucoprotein, lipoprotein, glycoprotein, or polynucleotide; and (2) a polymer comprising a pharmaceutical agent. The conjugates may be useful in delivering (e.g., targeted delivering) the pharmaceutical agent to a subject in need thereof or cell or treating, preventing, or diagnosing a disease.

The present disclosure describes functional oligomers or functional polymers. The functional oligomers or functional polymers may contain functional groups, e.g., OH and/or CHO. The functional oligomers or functional polymers may be obtained from hydrolyzing certain copolymers and may be soluble in commercially available solvents. The copolymers may be thermosetting polymers. The functional oligomers and functional polymers may be useful for recycling thermosetting polymers and may be useful as starting materials for preparing additional oligomers or polymers.