A system for disinfecting an enclosed space includes a housing, ultraviolet (UV) emitters, a sensor to detect occupancy in or entry into an enclosed space, a UV directing mechanism, and a controller. The housing includes an air flow passageway. When the UV directing mechanism is in the closed state, the UV emitters are positioned in the air flow passageway and transmission of UV electromagnetic radiation into the enclosed space is substantially blocked. UV electromagnetic radiation is transmitted into the enclosed space when the UV directing mechanism is in the at least one open state. Disinfection operations can be activated when the UV directing mechanism is in the open state or the closed state. When the UV directing mechanism is in the open state, the disinfection operation is activated when the sensor indicates no occupancy in or no entry into the enclosed space.

A hanger can include an elongated body defining: a first end defining at least one aperture; and a second end, the first end and the second end defined at opposite ends of the hanger along a longitudinal direction, the hanger being configured to support a hanging object at the second end; and a UV indicator.

A UV irradiation apparatus for coating systems that coat rigid or film-like workpieces, in particular furniture parts, having a transport apparatus for transporting workpieces provided with coating material from an inlet to an outlet through the UV irradiation apparatus, a UV light source arranged above the transport apparatus that irradiates the coated workpieces with UV light in an irradiation region between the inlet and the outlet, and a reflector or cover which shields the UV light source upward. A housing covers the irradiation region and the UV light source, which generally extends above the transport apparatus. A sensor of a measuring apparatus for direct or indirect automated measurement of radiant flux of the UV light source is arranged in the housing, and the sensor is in particular fitted fixed or movably on the housing or a holder. A method for quality assurance using this UV irradiation apparatus is also provided.

The present application discloses a UV radiation monitoring apparatus, method, and system. The monitoring apparatus includes a case, an authenticator disposed on the case and configured to identify a user, a controller in the case coupled to the authenticator to enable a first mode for an authenticated user, a detector on the case coupled to the controller and configured to measure an intensity of ultraviolet radiation and generate ultraviolet index (UVI) value at the present time, a memory coupled to the controller and configured to store the UVI values over an exposure time added into historical UVI data for the authenticated user, and a display unit to display the UVI value at the present time and the personal health instructions on UV protection for the authenticated user. The monitoring apparatus further is configured to be paired with a mobile terminal for providing updated personal health instructions.

Deformable optoelectronic devices are provided, including photodetectors, photodiodes, and photovoltaic cells. The devices can be made on a variety of paper substrates, and can include a plurality of fold segments in the paper substrate creating a deformable pattern. Thin electrode layers and semiconductor nanowire layers can be attached to the substrate, creating the optoelectronic device. The devices can be highly deformable, e.g. capable of undergoing strains of 500% or more, bending angles of 25 or more, and/or twist angles of 270 or more. Methods of making the deformable optoelectronic devices and methods of using, e.g. as a photodetector, are also provided.

An integrated electronic device for detecting the composition of ultraviolet radiation includes a cathode region formed by a semiconductor material with a first type of conductivity. A first anode region and a second anode region are laterally staggered with respect to one another and are set in contact with the cathode region. The cathode region and the first anode region form a first sensor. The cathode region and the second anode region form a second sensor. In a spectral range formed by the UVA band and by the UVB band, the first and second sensors have, respectively, a first spectral responsivity and a second spectral responsivity different from one another.

An ultraviolet measurement system includes a measurement device that is configured to be portable by a user, and measures ultraviolet information regarding an ultraviolet ray, and a display device that can perform communication with the measurement device, in which one of the measurement device and the display device includes a position acquisition unit that acquires position information indicating a position of either of the user and the measurement device, and a storage unit that stores the ultraviolet information measured by the measurement device in correlation with measurement position information which is position information of when the ultraviolet information is measured by the measurement device among pieces of position information acquired by the position acquisition unit, and in which the display device displays information based on the ultraviolet information and the measurement position information.

A sterilization system consisting of a mobile emitter, a sensing subsystem and a data logging subsystem is described. The emitter has one or more UV emitting lamps or devices. The sensing system comprises at least one remote UV sensor and at least one door sensor. The door sensor comprises a safety shut off door detector and may contain an emergency stop detector and arming detector to protect people from being exposed to UV energy. The system has a remote control for starting, stopping and setting system parameters which include but are not limited to: treatment time, dosage, room size, room number, unit number, floor, facility name, operator name, operator identification number, password, default dosage values, dosage, and patient identification number. The number of treatments per unit of time can be maximized because of the use of incident light measurement.

A light receiver capable of detecting the intensity of light in a certain wavelength range is provided. The light receiver includes a first light receiving element (PD1) and a second light receiving element (PD2) that have an identical spectral sensitivity characteristic, and a UV cut filter (11). Light that has passed through the UV cut filter (11) enters the first light receiving element (PD1). A subtractor is provided that calculates a difference between a photocurrent of the first light receiving element (PD1) and a photocurrent of the second light receiving element (PD2).

Disclosed are an ultraviolet measuring device, a photodetector, an ultraviolet detector, an ultraviolet index calculation device, and an electronic device or portable terminal including the same. In one aspect, an ultraviolet measuring is provided to comprise: a substrate on which an electrode is formed; a readout integrated circuit (ROTC) unit electrically connected with the electrode; and an aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) based UVB sensor electrically connected with the readout integrated circuit unit and formed on an insulating substrate, wherein the read-out integrated circuit converts a photocurrent input from the UV sensor into a digital signal including UV data.