A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle containing a binder resin and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes fluororesin particles. The fluororesin particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 100 nm and no greater than 300 nm. An area ratio of a region of the surface of the toner mother particle that is covered with the fluororesin particles is at least 0.70% and no greater than 2.20% in the surface of the toner mother particle.

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles having a volume average particle diameter of 3 μm to 16 μm, wherein, when the toner particles having a particle diameter of 1.0 μm to 30.0 μm are set as T1, the toner particles having a particle diameter of 1.0 μm to 2.5 μm are set as T2, a rate of T2 to the toner particles is set as A, the toner particles having a particle diameter of 1.0 μm to 5 μm is set as T3 and a rate of T3 to the toner particles is set as B, the rate of T2 occupying T1 is from 10% by number to 40% by number and a fine particle ratio C represented by A/B is from 0.18 to 0.40.

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes toner particles containing a binder resin, and an external additive including silica particles whose compression aggregation degree is from 60% to 95% and particle compression ratio is from 0.20 to 0.40 and polishing agent particles.

An electrostatic charge image developer includes an electrostatic charge image developing toner that includes toner particles, and an external additive which is added to the toner particles and which includes silica particles whose compression aggregation degree is from 60% to 95% and particle compression ratio is from 0.20 to 0.40, and a carrier for developing an electrostatic charge image that has a core including a magnetic member in a binder resin for a core and a coating layer which coders a surface or the core and which includes a resin for a coating layer and has a surface roughness Ra of from 0.25 μm to 0.4 μm.

Provided is a toner which provides excellent balance between high temperature storage stability and low temperature fixability and which is less likely to cause the bleeding out of a release agent even in a long-term, high-temperature condition. Disclosed is a toner for developing electrostatic images, comprising: colored resin particles comprising a binder resin, a colorant and a release agent, and an external additive, wherein the colored resin particles further comprise a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer, and wherein a content of a fatty acid ester compound having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 500 or more and less than 2,000 as the release agent, is from 2 parts by mass to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.

A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner core, silica particles located on a surface of the toner core, and a shell layer disposed over the surface of the toner core on which the silica particles are located. For at least 80% by number of the toner particles, along at least 80% of a circumferential length of a cross-section of the toner particle when the cross-section is analyzed by EELS, the shell layer has a thickness of at least 5 nm and satisfies a condition that a ratio of an intensity INc relative to an intensity INs is at least 0.0 and no greater than 0.2. The intensity INs indicates intensity of an N—K shell absorption-edge originating from nitrogen atoms in the shell layer. The intensity INc indicates intensity of an N—K shell absorption-edge originating from nitrogen atoms in the toner core.

Provided is a toner having good endurance stability and good low-temperature fixability in high-speed printing, and having good resistance to the adhesion of printed paper. The toner is a magnetic toner having, on the surface of toner particle containing a binder resin and an ester compound as a releasing agent, inorganic fine particle “a” and organic-inorganic composite fine particle having a volumetric specific heat of from 2,900 kJ/(m.sup.3.Math.° C.) to 4,200 kJ/(m.sup.3.Math.° C.), in which a coverage A of the surface of the toner particle with the inorganic fine particle “a” is 45.0% or more and 70.0% or less.

Provided are a method for producing a negatively-chargeable toner that has a narrow particle diameter distribution even when produced by a polymerization method, and a negatively-chargeable toner that is excellent in balance between low-temperature fixability and heat-resistant shelf stability, has fine thin-line reproducibility, and generates little fog, even in high-speed printing. The negatively-chargeable toner includes colored resin particles which contain at least a binder resin, a colorant, a charge control agent and a softening agent, wherein the charge control agent is a copolymer which is obtained by copolymerizing a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, a (meth)acrylate and a sulfonic acid group-containing (meth)acrylamide and in which a copolymerization ratio of the sulfonic acid group-containing (meth)acrylamide is 0.8 to 4.0% by mass, and wherein the softening agent is at least one of a monoester compound and a polyglycerol ester compound.

Provided are a poly alkylsilsesquioxane fine particle having hydrophobicity and having a small particle diameter, an external additive for toner and a dry toner for electrophotography each using the same, and a method of manufacturing a hydrophobized spherical polyalkylsilsesquioxane fine particle. The hydrophobized spherical poly alkylsilsesquioxane fine particle has a mass-based median diameter in a centrifugal sedimentation method within the range of from 0.05 μm to 0.3 μm. The fine particle is produced through, for example, at least a process involving: mixing a raw material solution prepared using an alkyl trialkoxysilane with an alkaline aqueous medium to obtain a polycondensation reaction liquid; mixing the polycondensation reaction liquid with an aqueous solution to obtain a fine particle dispersion liquid; and blending a hydrophobizing agent in the fine particle dispersion liquid.

A toner having an adequate storage stability and adequately suppressing an ejected paper adhesion, while achieving improving low-temperature fixability, has a toner particle containing a binder resin and a plasticizer, wherein Tg1 is 53° C. or lower and Tg2 is 55° C. or higher, in DSC measurement using the toner as a sample, when the following steps (i) to (iii) are performed: (i): the temperature of the toner is raised for the first time at a rate of temperature increase of 10° C./min, (ii): after the step (i), the temperature of the toner is lowered at a rate of temperature decrease of 10° C./min, (iii): after the step (ii), the temperature of the toner is raised for the second time at a rate of temperature increase of 10° C./min, Tg1 represents a glass transition temperature measured at the step (i), and Tg2 represents a glass transition temperature measured at the step (iii).