Embodiments of the present disclosure include a dialysis system having a disposable cartridge which includes one or more flowpaths arranged on or within the cartridge.

Transfer sets with filters, including transfer sets with filters for peritoneal dialysis (PD) systems, and associated systems, devices, and methods are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a transfer set includes a first connector configured to be coupled to a disposable set of a PD system, a second connector configured to be coupled to a catheter of the PD system, and a fluid channel extending between the first connector and the second connector. The transfer set further includes a filter positioned within the fluid channel and configured to filter contaminants from solution flowing within the fluid channel between the first connector and the second connector. In some embodiments, the transfer set further includes a one-way valve positioned between the filter and the second connector and configured to prevent fluid from flowing through the one-way valve in a direction toward the filter.

A portable device for removal of metabolic waste from the blood of patient having kidney disease or in need of hemodialysis is provided. Methods of hemodialysis employing the portable device beneficially obtain a dialysate by electrokinetic means from excess fluid in the peripheral blood of the patient in need thereof. The methods employ a branched microfluidic channel for the use of ion concentration polarization to separate charged from neutral species in blood to obtain the dialysate for undergoing hemodialysis. Beneficially the methods and device are resistant to biofouling, remove the need for a dialysate and/or dialysate reservoir, and provide a disposable, wearable device.

Systems, devices, and methods are provided for removing carbon dioxide from a target fluid, such as, for example, blood, to treat hypercarbic respiratory failure or another condition. A device is provided including first and second membrane components for removing dissolved gaseous carbon dioxide and bicarbonate from the fluid, which can be done simultaneously. The device can be in the form of a cartridge configured for use in a dialysis system. A method of treatment is also provided, involving drawing blood from a patient and bringing the patient’s blood in contact with a first membrane component having a sweep gas passing therethrough, and a second membrane component having a dialysate passing therethrough. The dialysate’s composition can be selected such that charge neutrality is maintained.

The reverse osmosis system with at least one high pressure pump, which supplies untreated water to at least one module pipe, in which a membrane with a permeate collecting pipe is arranged, includes a permeate outlet of the at least one module pipe that is connected by means of a first conduit to a permeate tank, which is in communication by means of a further conduit, connected into which there is a permeate supply pump, with a loop feed line, to which a plurality of dialysis devices are connected and that branching off from the first conduit there is a bypass conduit, which discharges into the further conduit downstream of the permeate tank and the permeate supply pump.

A blood treatment system and method controlling same are provided. The system comprises a blood pump for urging blood from an arterial or venous interface through a blood flow path; a dialyser in fluid communication with said blood flow path for ultrafiltering the blood to remove fluid therefrom; a fluid removal pump in fluid communication with said dialyser for urging ultrafiltered fluid away from said dialyser; a controller in signal communication with said blood pump; and a reversing valve for selectively reversing direction of blood flow in at least a portion of the blood flow path under signal control of said controller. The blood pump is selectively activatable under signal control of the controller.

The present invention provides a method of culturing an alga that enables practical realization of low-cost and space-saving production of biofuels and bioenergy by culturing the alga using a reaction tank equipped with a digestive solution tank comprising digestive solution containing high concentration of nutrient salts, a membrane with a pore size of 0.45 .Math.m or less and a culture tank comprising culture solution and the alga, which comprises consuming the nutrient salts by the alga in the culture tank to maintain the difference in concentration the nutrient salts between the digestive solution tank and the culture tank and supplying the nutrient salts contained in the digestive solution through the membrane into the culture solution by the diffusion depending on the concentration difference as well as an alga culture system therefor.

An adsorbent that includes a particle of a layered material that contains one or a plurality of layers; and contains Li. The one or plural layers includes a layer body represented by: M.sub.mX.sub.n where, M represents at least one Group-3, -4, -5, -6, or -7 metal, X represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof, n is 1 to 4, and m is larger than n, and equal to or less than 5; and a modified/terminal part T resides on a surface of the layer body, T represents at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxy group, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, oxygen atom, and hydrogen atom, the modified/terminal part T residing on a surface of the layer body, the particle has an average thickness of 1 nm to 10 nm, and the adsorbent has a Li content of 0.0001% by mass to 0.0020% by mass.

Systems, devices, and methods are provided for removing carbon dioxide from a target fluid, such as, for example, blood, to treat hypercarbic respiratory failure or another condition. A device is provided including first and second membrane components for removing dissolved gaseous carbon dioxide and bicarbonate from the fluid, which can be done simultaneously. The device can be in the form of a cartridge configured for use in a dialysis system. A method of treatment is also provided, involving drawing blood from a patient and bringing the patient's blood in contact with a first membrane component having a sweep gas passing therethrough, and a second membrane component having a dialysate passing therethrough. The dialysate's composition can be selected such that charge neutrality is maintained.

Multicomponent copolymers including two or more types of repeat units is presented. In one example, the multicomponent copolymer includes at least one repeat unit AC having a structure (I), at least one repeat unit DC having a structure (II), and at least one repeat unit BC having a structure (III) or (V). The multicomponent copolymer may be cross-linked via a cross-linking agent. A polymer blend including the multicomponent copolymer or a cross-linked copolymer and a second polymer is also provided. The multicomponent copolymer may be a random or a block copolymer. The structural units of the multicomponent copolymers provide improved, tunable properties, such as improved biocompatibility and hydrophilicity, protein fouling, and mechanical properties, to the copolymers and/or the membranes fabricated from the copolymers.