An article of manufacture includes a three-dimensional (3D) printed object for chemical reaction control. The 3D printed object includes a chemical reactant to be released to control a chemical reaction according to a chemical reactant release profile. The chemical reactant release profile is determined based on a shape of the 3D printed object.

An article of manufacture includes a three-dimensional (3D) printed object for chemical reaction control. The 3D printed object includes a chemical reactant to be released to control a chemical reaction according to a chemical reactant release profile. The chemical reactant release profile is determined based on a shape of the 3D printed object.

A process for producing acetic acid is disclosed in which the methyl iodide concentration is maintained in the vapor product stream formed in a flashing step. The methyl iodide concentration in the vapor product stream ranges from 24 to less than 36 wt. % methyl iodide, based on the weight of the vapor product stream. In addition, the acetaldehyde concentration is maintained within the range from 0.005 to 1 wt. % in the vapor product stream. The vapor product stream is distilled in a first column to obtain an acetic acid product stream comprising acetic acid and up to 300 wppm hydrogen iodide and/or from 0.1 to 6 wt. % methyl iodide and an overhead stream comprising methyl iodide, water and methyl acetate.

A compound, having a structure represented by a formula (I), ##STR00001## and prepared by one-pot synthesis of benzophenone hydrazone, 7-chloroisatin, and copper(II) acetate monohydrate, and refluxing in 100 mL of anhydrous methanol solvent for 48 hrs. A method for preparing the compound includes: collecting and placing 0.0235 g of benzophenone hydrazone, 0.6914 g of 7-chloroisatin, and 0.6720 g of copper(II) acetate monohydrate complex in a 100.0 mL flask; adding 50 mL of anhydrous methanol as a solvent; stirring a resulting mixture at room temperature for 48 hrs; performing column chromatography separation, and elution with petroleum ether/dichloromethane in a volume ratio of 1:1, and collecting final component points and naturally volatilizing the final component points to obtain 7(E)-chloro-3-diphenylmethylindolin-2-one crystals. The compound is used as a catalyst for reaction between benzophenone imine and trimethylsilonitrile, and has a catalytic effect with a conversion rate reaching 99%.

The invention relates to a method for the stereoselective preparation of compounds of formula (IV).

##STR00001##

This disclosure relates to a process which involves reacting 2-butanone with acetaldehyde in the presence of a zinc complex catalyst in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising 4-hexen-3-one and 3-methyl-3-penten-2-one. This disclosure also relates to a process which involves (a) reacting 2-butanone with acetaldehyde in the presence of a zinc complex catalyst to produce a product mixture comprising 4-hexen-3-one, 3-methyl-3-penten-2-one and the zinc complex catalyst; (b) recovering the zinc complex catalyst from the product mixture; and (c) reusing the recovered zinc complex catalyst in the reacting step (a).

In an embodiment, a method of producing a bisphenol comprises reacting a phenolic compound with a reactant comprising one or both of an aldehyde and a ketone in the presence of a catalyst system and methanol to produce the bisphenol; wherein the methanol is present in an amount of 250 to 5,000 ppm based on the total weight of the reactant; wherein the catalyst system comprises an ion-exchange resin comprising a plurality of sulfonic acid sites; and 5 to 35 mol % of an attached promoter molecule based on the total moles of the sulfonic acid sites in the catalyst system; and wherein the attached promoter molecule comprises at least two thiol groups per attached promoter molecule.

The present invention relates to metallic zinc cluster compounds which are suitable as catalysts in the reaction of amines with dialkyl carbonates to produce carbamates. The invention is also directed towards a method for the alkoxycarbonylation of amines. The cluster compound has a general formula which may be written as [M(O.sub.2CR).sub.2].sub.x.[MO].sub.y.[H.sub.2O].sub.z, wherein M is Zn, R is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic, cycloaliphatic, linear aliphatic, or other organic rest, x is 1, y is x is 1, y is 0.03 to 26.0 and z is >0.00 to 17.0.

Processes produce catalytically highly effective noble metal carboxylate compounds or their solutions that comprise A) a noble metal carboxylate, wherein the noble metal is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, platinum, palladium, rhodium and gold, and B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, a salt of oxalic acid, a derivative of oxalic acid and a salt of the derivative of oxalic acid. The process digests the noble metal with alkaline earth peroxide to produce a digestion mass and dissolves the digestion mass in a carboxylic acid or a carboxylic acid diluted with a protic solvent to produce a resulting solution, whereby alkaline earth ions are separated off as salt of an oxalic acid or salt of oxalic acid derivatives, and the processes do not include any BaSO4 precipitation and filtration of barium sulphate.

The present invention provides trimerization catalyst compositions and methods to produce a polyisocyanurate/polyurethane foam using such trimerization catalyst compositions. The catalyst composition is the contact product of at least one ,-unsaturated carboxylate salt and at least one second carboxylate salt.