Noise of signals in an image sensor is reduced. A pixel circuit generates a reset signal of a predetermined initial voltage and an exposure signal of a signal voltage according to an exposure amount of light in order. An analog-digital conversion unit performs a reset sampling process of converting the reset signal into a first digital signal at a predetermined reset sampling interval and an exposure sampling process of converting the exposure signal into a second digital signal at an exposure sampling interval that does not exceed twice the predetermined reset sampling interval in order. A detection unit detects the light based on the first digital signal and a second digital signal.

The present disclosure provides an X-ray flat panel detector including: a base substrate; thin film transistors (TFTs), a pixel electrode layer, photodiodes, a transparent electrode layer, and an X-ray conversion layer which are arranged on the base substrate; and an electric field application portion configured to generate an electric field, wherein the photodiodes are arranged in the electric field, and a moving direction of negative charges when visible light rays are converted to electrical signals by the photodiodes is substantially same as a direction of the electric field. In this detector, it is applied a direction of the electric field which is substantially same as the moving direction of negative charges in the photodiode, so that movement of holes and electrons of the photodiode may be accelerated under an influence of the electric field, and thus the electrical signal may promptly arrive at the pixel electrode. As a result, it is improved the quantum detection efficiency and the sensitivity of the X-ray flat panel detector.

A thin film transistor array substrate for a digital X-ray detector device includes a base substrate where a driving area and a non-driving area are defined; at least one readout circuit pad disposed in the non-driving area and electrically connected to the drive area; at least one readout circuit pad connection line electrically connecting the driving area to the at least one readout circuit pad; and at least one electrostatic induction line electrically connected to the at least one readout circuit pad connection line, wherein the at least one electrostatic induction line has a greater resistance than a resistance of the at least one readout circuit pad connection line.

A method and device are provided for obtaining the energy of nuclear radiation from a scintillation detector system for the measurement of nuclear radiation the device comprising a scintillation crystal, a light readout detector and a fast digital sampling analog to digital converter. The method comprises obtaining the anode current at the LRD for at least one scintillation event with N photo electron charges at the entrance of the LRD, sampling the measured anode current, obtaining the function of the scintillation pulse charges Q.sub.dint(N, G) at the anode of the LRD from said scintillation events, obtaining the RMS of the noise power charge Q.sub.drms(N, G), obtaining the function Q.sub.dSN(N) by calculating the ratio of Q.sub.dint(N, G) and Q.sub.drms(N, G), obtaining the constant gradient k from the function Q.sub.dSN(N)=Q.sub.dint(N, G)/Q.sub.drms(N, G)=k*N, and obtaining N.

Fabrication and use of an X-ray detector scan interface having separate enable and reset lines for each line (e.g., row) of pixels is described. In certain implementations, the respective enable and reset lines are connected such that activation of an enable line for a given line of pixels is concurrent with activation of a reset line for a different (e.g., preceding) row of pixels. In this manner, readout of one row of pixels is performed in conjunction with resetting the row of pixels readout in the preceding operation. In another technical implementation, a non-rectangular detector is divided into quadrants, with alternating quadrants configured for scan module or data module operations such that no quadrant has overlapping scan and data interconnections at the connection finger regions.

A signal readout circuit is a circuit for reading out a signal from a photodetection element having a plurality of photodetection pixels each generating a detection signal according to light incidence, and includes N light incidence detection units (N is an integer of 2 or more) each for inputting the detection signal from each of N photodetection pixels and outputting a signal indicating the light incidence, and a total value detection unit for detecting a total value of the output signals from the N light incidence detection units. Each light incidence detection unit outputs the signal weighted differently corresponding to each photodetection pixel. A weight thereof is set such that the total values are different for respective photodetection pixels and all combination patterns of the photodetection pixels.

Technology is described for generating a valid token control signal from control signals from a row driver. In one example, a matrix type integrated circuit includes a row driver module and a 2D array of cell elements. The row driver module includes a voting logic module and at least two row drivers configured to generate control signals on at least two communal lines for cell elements of a row of the 2D array. Each row driver is configured to generate control signals on at least three control lines where at least two control lines are the communal lines and coupled to a corresponding communal line of another row driver. The voting logic module is coupled to the at least three control lines of one of the row drivers and configured to generate an output based on the control signals on the at least three control lines.

A flat-panel detector includes: a ray-conversion layer configured to convert rays into a light having a first wavelength; and a plurality of imaging units. At least one of the plurality of imaging units includes: a photo sensor configured for receiving the light and converting the light to an electrical signal; and a light guider located a side of the photo sensor adjacent to the ray-conversion layer, the light guider having a light entry surface adjacent to the ray-conversion layer and a light exit surface adjacent to the photo sensor, the light entry surface being configured to receive the light from the ray-conversion layer and having an area greater than an area of the light exit surface, and an orthogonal projection of the light exit surface in a direction perpendicular to the ray-conversion layer at least partially overlapping that of the photo sensor.

The radiation detector according to the present invention is always able to calculate the summation value accurately, regardless of the intensity of the fluorescent emission that is produced in the scintillator. That is, if the method for calculating the summation value set forth in the present invention is used, then the number of instantaneous intensity data d that are added together each time a fluorescent emission is produced in the scintillator will be larger the greater the intensity of the fluorescent emission. Doing this prevents the intensity of an intense fluorescent emission from being understated. Moreover, the summing portion in the present invention is able to calculate the summation value with high reliability. This is because the instantaneous intensity data used in calculating the summation value are above a threshold value a, causing the signal-to-noise ratios to be adequately high and the reliability to be high as well.

A medical diagnostic-imaging apparatus of an embodiment includes plural converters and processing circuitry. The converters output an electrical signal based on an incident radioactive ray. The processing circuitry identifies a first signal intensity that is a signal intensity corresponding to a peak of the number of the radioactive rays based on a relationship between a signal intensity of an electrical signal output from the convertor and the number of incident radioactive rays, for each of the converters. The processing circuitry identifies a second signal intensity that is a signal intensity corresponding to energy of a radioactive ray that has entered therein without scattering, based on a relationship between the signal intensity and the number of radioactive rays in a higher intensity than the first signal intensity. The processing circuitry corrects a signal intensity of an electrical signal that is output from the respective converters such that the second signal intensity identified for each of the converters matches with a target signal intensity.